Merge pull request #459 from mipt-npm/dev

v0.3.0-dev-18

.gitignore

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ out/
 
 .idea/
 
-!.idea/copyright/
-!.idea/scopes/
 
 .vscode/
 
@@ -18,3 +16,6 @@ out/
 # Generated by javac -h and runtime
 *.class
 *.log
+
+!/.idea/copyright/
+!/.idea/scopes/

.idea/copyright/kmath.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="CopyrightManager">
+    <copyright>
+        <option name="notice" value="Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.&#10;Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file." />
+        <option name="myName" value="kmath" />
+    </copyright>
+</component>

.idea/copyright/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<component name="CopyrightManager">
+  <settings default="kmath">
+    <module2copyright>
+      <element module="Apply copyright" copyright="kmath" />
+    </module2copyright>
+    <LanguageOptions name="Groovy">
+      <option name="fileTypeOverride" value="1" />
+    </LanguageOptions>
+    <LanguageOptions name="HTML">
+      <option name="fileTypeOverride" value="1" />
+      <option name="prefixLines" value="false" />
+    </LanguageOptions>
+    <LanguageOptions name="Properties">
+      <option name="fileTypeOverride" value="1" />
+    </LanguageOptions>
+    <LanguageOptions name="XML">
+      <option name="fileTypeOverride" value="1" />
+      <option name="prefixLines" value="false" />
+    </LanguageOptions>
+  </settings>
+</component>

.idea/scopes/Apply_copyright.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<component name="DependencyValidationManager">
+    <scope name="Apply copyright" pattern="!file[*]:*//testData//*&amp;&amp;!file[*]:testData//*&amp;&amp;!file[*]:*.gradle.kts&amp;&amp;!file[*]:*.gradle&amp;&amp;!file[group:kotlin-ultimate]:*/&amp;&amp;!file[kotlin.libraries]:stdlib/api//*" />
+</component>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 - `BigInt` operation performance improvement and fixes by @zhelenskiy (#328)
 - Integration between `MST` and Symja `IExpr`
 - Complex power
+- Separate methods for UInt, Int and Number powers. NaN safety.
+- Tensorflow prototype
 
 ### Changed
 - Exponential operations merged with hyperbolic functions
@@ -45,6 +47,7 @@
 - Buffer algebra does not require size anymore
 - Operations -> Ops
 - Default Buffer and ND algebras are now Ops and lack neutral elements (0, 1) as well as algebra-level shapes.
+- Tensor algebra takes read-only structures as input and inherits AlgebraND
 
 ### Deprecated
 - Specialized `DoubleBufferAlgebra`

README.md

@@ -50,35 +50,6 @@ module definitions below. The module stability could have the following levels:
   with [binary-compatibility-validator](https://github.com/Kotlin/binary-compatibility-validator) tool.
 * **STABLE**. The API stabilized. Breaking changes are allowed only in major releases.
 
-<!--Current feature list is [here](/docs/features.md)-->
-
-
-<!--* **Array-like structures** Full support of many-dimensional array-like structures -->
-<!--including mixed arithmetic operations and function operations over arrays and numbers (with the added benefit of static type checking).-->
-
-<!--* **Histograms** Fast multi-dimensional histograms.-->
-
-<!--* **Streaming** Streaming operations on mathematical objects and objects buffers.-->
-
-<!--* **Type-safe dimensions** Type-safe dimensions for matrix operations.-->
-
-<!--* **Commons-math wrapper** It is planned to gradually wrap most parts of -->
-<!--[Apache commons-math](http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-math/) library in Kotlin code and maybe rewrite some -->
-<!--parts to better suit the Kotlin programming paradigm, however there is no established roadmap for that. Feel free to -->
-<!--submit a feature request if you want something to be implemented first.-->
-<!--                           -->
-<!--## Planned features-->
-
-<!--* **Messaging** A mathematical notation to support multi-language and multi-node communication for mathematical tasks.-->
-
-<!--* **Array statistics** -->
-
-<!--* **Integration** Univariate and multivariate integration framework.-->
-
-<!--* **Probability and distributions**-->
-
-<!--* **Fitting** Non-linear curve fitting facilities-->
-
 ## Modules
 
 <hr/>
@@ -240,6 +211,12 @@ One can still use generic algebras though.
 > **Maturity**: DEVELOPMENT
 <hr/>
 
+* ### [kmath-multik](kmath-multik)
+> 
+>
+> **Maturity**: PROTOTYPE
+<hr/>
+
 * ### [kmath-nd4j](kmath-nd4j)
 > 
 >
@@ -252,6 +229,12 @@ One can still use generic algebras though.
 
 <hr/>
 
+* ### [kmath-optimization](kmath-optimization)
+> 
+>
+> **Maturity**: EXPERIMENTAL
+<hr/>
+
 * ### [kmath-stat](kmath-stat)
 > 
 >
@@ -264,6 +247,12 @@ One can still use generic algebras though.
 > **Maturity**: PROTOTYPE
 <hr/>
 
+* ### [kmath-tensorflow](kmath-tensorflow)
+> 
+>
+> **Maturity**: PROTOTYPE
+<hr/>
+
 * ### [kmath-tensors](kmath-tensors)
 > 
 >
@@ -319,8 +308,8 @@ repositories {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-    api("space.kscience:kmath-core:0.3.0-dev-14")
+    api("space.kscience:kmath-core:0.3.0-dev-17")
-    // api("space.kscience:kmath-core-jvm:0.3.0-dev-14") for jvm-specific version
+    // api("space.kscience:kmath-core-jvm:0.3.0-dev-17") for jvm-specific version
 }
 ```
 

benchmarks/build.gradle.kts

@@ -13,19 +13,22 @@ sourceSets.register("benchmarks")
 
 repositories {
     mavenCentral()
-    maven("https://repo.kotlin.link")
-    maven("https://clojars.org/repo")
-    maven("https://jitpack.io")
-
-    maven("http://logicrunch.research.it.uu.se/maven") {
-        isAllowInsecureProtocol = true
-    }
 }
 
 kotlin {
     jvm()
 
+    js(IR) {
+        nodejs()
+    }
+
     sourceSets {
+        all {
+            languageSettings {
+                progressiveMode = true
+            }
+        }
+
         val commonMain by getting {
             dependencies {
                 implementation(project(":kmath-ast"))
@@ -35,9 +38,8 @@ kotlin {
                 implementation(project(":kmath-stat"))
                 implementation(project(":kmath-dimensions"))
                 implementation(project(":kmath-for-real"))
-                implementation(project(":kmath-jafama"))
                 implementation(project(":kmath-tensors"))
-                implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-benchmark-runtime:0.3.1")
+                implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-benchmark-runtime:0.4.2")
             }
         }
 
@@ -48,7 +50,8 @@ kotlin {
                 implementation(project(":kmath-nd4j"))
                 implementation(project(":kmath-kotlingrad"))
                 implementation(project(":kmath-viktor"))
-                implementation(projects.kmathMultik)
+                implementation(project(":kmath-jafama"))
+                implementation(project(":kmath-multik"))
                 implementation("org.nd4j:nd4j-native:1.0.0-M1")
                 //    uncomment if your system supports AVX2
                 //    val os = System.getProperty("os.name")
@@ -69,12 +72,13 @@ benchmark {
     // Setup configurations
     targets {
         register("jvm")
+        register("js")
     }
 
     fun kotlinx.benchmark.gradle.BenchmarkConfiguration.commonConfiguration() {
-        warmups = 1
+        warmups = 2
         iterations = 5
-        iterationTime = 1000
+        iterationTime = 2000
         iterationTimeUnit = "ms"
     }
 
@@ -94,7 +98,12 @@ benchmark {
     }
 
     configurations.register("expressions") {
-        commonConfiguration()
+        // Some extra precision
+        warmups = 2
+        iterations = 10
+        iterationTime = 10
+        iterationTimeUnit = "s"
+        outputTimeUnit = "s"
         include("ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark")
     }
 
@@ -131,23 +140,21 @@ afterEvaluate {
     }
 }
 
-
 kotlin.sourceSets.all {
     with(languageSettings) {
-        useExperimentalAnnotation("kotlin.contracts.ExperimentalContracts")
+        optIn("kotlin.contracts.ExperimentalContracts")
-        useExperimentalAnnotation("kotlin.ExperimentalUnsignedTypes")
+        optIn("kotlin.ExperimentalUnsignedTypes")
-        useExperimentalAnnotation("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI")
+        optIn("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI")
     }
 }
 
 tasks.withType<org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile> {
     kotlinOptions {
         jvmTarget = "11"
-        freeCompilerArgs = freeCompilerArgs + "-Xjvm-default=all"
+        freeCompilerArgs = freeCompilerArgs + "-Xjvm-default=all" + "-Xlambdas=indy"
     }
 }
 
-
 readme {
     maturity = ru.mipt.npm.gradle.Maturity.EXPERIMENTAL
 }

benchmarks/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks
+
+import kotlinx.benchmark.Benchmark
+import kotlinx.benchmark.Blackhole
+import kotlinx.benchmark.Scope
+import kotlinx.benchmark.State
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.*
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.Algebra
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.bindSymbol
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.invoke
+import kotlin.math.sin
+import kotlin.random.Random
+import space.kscience.kmath.estree.compileToExpression as estreeCompileToExpression
+import space.kscience.kmath.wasm.compileToExpression as wasmCompileToExpression
+
+@State(Scope.Benchmark)
+class ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark {
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [expressionInExtendedField].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun functionalExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(functional, blackhole)
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [toExpression].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun mstExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(mst, blackhole)
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [compileToExpression].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun wasmExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(wasm, blackhole)
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [compileToExpression].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun estreeExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(estree, blackhole)
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] implemented manually with `kotlin.math` functions.
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun rawExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(raw, blackhole)
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for direct computation w/o [Expression].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun justCalculate(blackhole: Blackhole) {
+        val random = Random(0)
+        var sum = 0.0
+
+        repeat(times) {
+            val x = random.nextDouble()
+            sum += x * 2.0 + 2.0 / x - 16.0 / sin(x)
+        }
+
+        blackhole.consume(sum)
+    }
+
+    private fun invokeAndSum(expr: Expression<Double>, blackhole: Blackhole) {
+        val random = Random(0)
+        var sum = 0.0
+        val m = HashMap<Symbol, Double>()
+
+        repeat(times) {
+            m[x] = random.nextDouble()
+            sum += expr(m)
+        }
+
+        blackhole.consume(sum)
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        private val x by symbol
+        private const val times = 1_000_000
+
+        private val functional = DoubleField.expression {
+            val x = bindSymbol(Symbol.x)
+            x * number(2.0) + 2.0 / x - 16.0 / sin(x)
+        }
+
+        private val node = MstExtendedField {
+            x * 2.0 + number(2.0) / x - number(16.0) / sin(x)
+        }
+
+        private val mst = node.toExpression(DoubleField)
+        private val wasm = node.wasmCompileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        private val estree = node.estreeCompileToExpression(DoubleField)
+
+        private val raw = Expression<Double> { args ->
+            val x = args[x]!!
+            x * 2.0 + 2.0 / x - 16.0 / sin(x)
+        }
+    }
+}

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/ArrayBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/BigIntBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/BufferBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/DotBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import space.kscience.kmath.commons.linear.CMLinearSpace
 import space.kscience.kmath.ejml.EjmlLinearSpaceDDRM
 import space.kscience.kmath.linear.invoke
 import space.kscience.kmath.linear.linearSpace
+import space.kscience.kmath.multik.multikAlgebra
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 import space.kscience.kmath.structures.Buffer
 import kotlin.random.Random
@@ -58,6 +59,16 @@ internal class DotBenchmark {
         blackhole.consume(matrix1 dot matrix2)
     }
 
+//    @Benchmark
+//    fun tensorDot(blackhole: Blackhole) = with(Double.tensorAlgebra) {
+//        blackhole.consume(matrix1 dot matrix2)
+//    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    fun multikDot(blackhole: Blackhole) = with(Double.multikAlgebra) {
+        blackhole.consume(matrix1 dot matrix2)
+    }
+
     @Benchmark
     fun bufferedDot(blackhole: Blackhole) = with(DoubleField.linearSpace(Buffer.Companion::auto)) {
         blackhole.consume(matrix1 dot matrix2)

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import kotlinx.benchmark.Scope
 import kotlinx.benchmark.State
 import space.kscience.kmath.asm.compileToExpression
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.*
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.Algebra
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.bindSymbol
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.invoke
@@ -35,7 +36,30 @@ internal class ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark {
      * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [compileToExpression].
      */
     @Benchmark
-    fun asmExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(asm, blackhole)
+    fun asmGenericExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(asmGeneric, blackhole)
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [compileToExpression].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun asmPrimitiveExpressionArray(blackhole: Blackhole) {
+        val random = Random(0)
+        var sum = 0.0
+        val m = DoubleArray(1)
+
+        repeat(times) {
+            m[xIdx] = random.nextDouble()
+            sum += asmPrimitive(m)
+        }
+
+        blackhole.consume(sum)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Benchmark case for [Expression] created with [compileToExpression].
+     */
+    @Benchmark
+    fun asmPrimitiveExpression(blackhole: Blackhole) = invokeAndSum(asmPrimitive, blackhole)
 
     /**
      * Benchmark case for [Expression] implemented manually with `kotlin.math` functions.
@@ -62,9 +86,11 @@ internal class ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark {
     private fun invokeAndSum(expr: Expression<Double>, blackhole: Blackhole) {
         val random = Random(0)
         var sum = 0.0
+        val m = HashMap<Symbol, Double>()
 
         repeat(times) {
-            sum += expr(x to random.nextDouble())
+            m[x] = random.nextDouble()
+            sum += expr(m)
         }
 
         blackhole.consume(sum)
@@ -72,7 +98,6 @@ internal class ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark {
 
     private companion object {
         private val x by symbol
-        private val algebra = DoubleField
         private const val times = 1_000_000
 
         private val functional = DoubleField.expression {
@@ -85,7 +110,11 @@ internal class ExpressionsInterpretersBenchmark {
         }
 
         private val mst = node.toExpression(DoubleField)
-        private val asm = node.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+
+        private val asmPrimitive = node.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        private val xIdx = asmPrimitive.indexer.indexOf(x)
+
+        private val asmGeneric = node.compileToExpression(DoubleField as Algebra<Double>)
 
         private val raw = Expression<Double> { args ->
             val x = args[x]!!

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/JafamaBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/MatrixInverseBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/NDFieldBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.kotlinx.multik.api.Multik
 import org.jetbrains.kotlinx.multik.api.ones
 import org.jetbrains.kotlinx.multik.ndarray.data.DN
 import org.jetbrains.kotlinx.multik.ndarray.data.DataType
-import space.kscience.kmath.multik.multikND
+import space.kscience.kmath.multik.multikAlgebra
-import space.kscience.kmath.multik.multikTensorAlgebra
 import space.kscience.kmath.nd.BufferedFieldOpsND
 import space.kscience.kmath.nd.StructureND
 import space.kscience.kmath.nd.ndAlgebra
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ internal class NDFieldBenchmark {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    fun multikInPlaceAdd(blackhole: Blackhole) = with(DoubleField.multikTensorAlgebra) {
+    fun multikInPlaceAdd(blackhole: Blackhole) = with(DoubleField.multikAlgebra) {
         val res = Multik.ones<Double, DN>(shape, DataType.DoubleDataType).wrap()
         repeat(n) { res += 1.0 }
         blackhole.consume(res)
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ internal class NDFieldBenchmark {
         private val specializedField = DoubleField.ndAlgebra
         private val genericField = BufferedFieldOpsND(DoubleField, Buffer.Companion::boxing)
         private val nd4jField = DoubleField.nd4j
-        private val multikField = DoubleField.multikND
+        private val multikField = DoubleField.multikAlgebra
         private val viktorField = DoubleField.viktorAlgebra
     }
 }

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/ViktorBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

benchmarks/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/ViktorLogBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,31 +1,22 @@
-import java.net.URL
-
 plugins {
     id("ru.mipt.npm.gradle.project")
-    kotlin("jupyter.api") apply false
+    id("org.jetbrains.kotlinx.kover") version "0.5.0-RC"
 }
 
 allprojects {
     repositories {
-        maven("https://clojars.org/repo")
-        maven("https://jitpack.io")
-
-        maven("http://logicrunch.research.it.uu.se/maven") {
-            isAllowInsecureProtocol = true
-        }
-
         maven("https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots")
         mavenCentral()
     }
 
     group = "space.kscience"
-    version = "0.3.0-dev-17"
+    version = "0.3.0-dev-18"
 }
 
 subprojects {
     if (name.startsWith("kmath")) apply<MavenPublishPlugin>()
 
-    afterEvaluate {
+    plugins.withId("org.jetbrains.dokka"){
         tasks.withType<org.jetbrains.dokka.gradle.DokkaTaskPartial> {
             dependsOn(tasks["assemble"])
 
@@ -39,7 +30,7 @@ subprojects {
                     localDirectory.set(kotlinDir)
 
                     remoteUrl.set(
-                        URL("https://github.com/mipt-npm/${rootProject.name}/tree/master/${this@subprojects.name}/$kotlinDirPath")
+                        java.net.URL("https://github.com/mipt-npm/kmath/tree/master/${this@subprojects.name}/$kotlinDirPath")
                     )
                 }
 
@@ -64,9 +55,9 @@ subprojects {
 readme.readmeTemplate = file("docs/templates/README-TEMPLATE.md")
 
 ksciencePublish {
-    vcs("https://github.com/mipt-npm/kmath")
+    github("kmath")
-    space(publish = true)
+    space()
-    sonatype(publish = true)
+    sonatype()
 }
 
 apiValidation.nonPublicMarkers.add("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI")

buildSrc/build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,20 +1,30 @@
 plugins {
     `kotlin-dsl`
-    kotlin("plugin.serialization") version "1.4.31"
+    `version-catalog`
+    alias(npmlibs.plugins.kotlin.plugin.serialization)
 }
 
+java.targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11
+
 repositories {
     maven("https://repo.kotlin.link")
     mavenCentral()
     gradlePluginPortal()
 }
 
+val toolsVersion: String by extra
+val kotlinVersion = npmlibs.versions.kotlin.asProvider().get()
+val benchmarksVersion = "0.4.2"
+
 dependencies {
-    api("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json:1.1.0")
+    api("ru.mipt.npm:gradle-tools:$toolsVersion")
-    api("ru.mipt.npm:gradle-tools:0.10.2")
+    //plugins form benchmarks
-    api("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-benchmark-plugin:0.3.1")
+    api("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-benchmark-plugin:$benchmarksVersion")
+    api("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-allopen:$kotlinVersion")
+    //to be used inside build-script only
+    implementation(npmlibs.kotlinx.serialization.json)
 }
 
 kotlin.sourceSets.all {
-    languageSettings.useExperimentalAnnotation("kotlin.ExperimentalStdlibApi")
+    languageSettings.optIn("kotlin.OptIn")
 }

buildSrc/gradle.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#
+# Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+# Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+#
+
+kotlin.code.style=official
+kotlin.mpp.stability.nowarn=true
+
+kotlin.jupyter.add.scanner=false
+
+org.gradle.configureondemand=true
+org.gradle.parallel=true
+
+toolsVersion=0.10.9-kotlin-1.6.10

buildSrc/settings.gradle.kts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+
+enableFeaturePreview("TYPESAFE_PROJECT_ACCESSORS")
+enableFeaturePreview("VERSION_CATALOGS")
+
+dependencyResolutionManagement {
+
+    val toolsVersion: String by extra
+
+    repositories {
+        maven("https://repo.kotlin.link")
+        mavenCentral()
+    }
+
+    versionCatalogs {
+        create("npmlibs") {
+            from("ru.mipt.npm:version-catalog:$toolsVersion")
+        }
+    }
+}

buildSrc/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/JmhReport.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks

buildSrc/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/benchmarks/addBenchmarkProperties.kt

@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.benchmarks
 
 import kotlinx.benchmark.gradle.BenchmarksExtension
-import kotlinx.serialization.*
+import kotlinx.serialization.decodeFromString
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import org.gradle.api.Project
 import ru.mipt.npm.gradle.KScienceReadmeExtension
-import java.time.*
+import java.time.LocalDateTime
-import java.time.format.*
+import java.time.ZoneId
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatterBuilder
+import java.time.format.SignStyle
 import java.time.temporal.ChronoField.*
 
 private val ISO_DATE_TIME: DateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatterBuilder().run {
@@ -47,14 +50,14 @@ fun Project.addBenchmarkProperties() {
     rootProject.subprojects.forEach { p ->
         p.extensions.findByType(KScienceReadmeExtension::class.java)?.run {
             benchmarksProject.extensions.findByType(BenchmarksExtension::class.java)?.configurations?.forEach { cfg ->
-                property("benchmark${cfg.name.replaceFirstChar(Char::uppercase)}") {
+                property("benchmark${cfg.name.capitalize()}") {
                     val launches = benchmarksProject.buildDir.resolve("reports/benchmarks/${cfg.name}")
 
                     val resDirectory = launches.listFiles()?.maxByOrNull {
                         LocalDateTime.parse(it.name, ISO_DATE_TIME).atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant()
                     }
 
-                    if (resDirectory == null) {
+                    if (resDirectory == null || !(resDirectory.resolve("jvm.json")).exists()) {
                         "> **Can't find appropriate benchmark data. Try generating readme files after running benchmarks**."
                     } else {
                         val reports =

buildSrc/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ejml/codegen/ejmlCodegen.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 @file:Suppress("KDocUnresolvedReference")

docs/images/KM.svg

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
 <!--
   - Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
-  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
   -->
 
 <svg

docs/images/KM_mono.svg

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
 <!--
   - Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
-  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
   -->
 
 <svg

docs/images/KMath.svg

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
 <!--
   - Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
-  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
   -->
 
 <svg

docs/images/KMath_mono.svg

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
 <!--
   - Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
-  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+  - Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
   -->
 
 <svg

docs/templates/README-TEMPLATE.md

@@ -50,35 +50,6 @@ module definitions below. The module stability could have the following levels:
   with [binary-compatibility-validator](https://github.com/Kotlin/binary-compatibility-validator) tool.
 * **STABLE**. The API stabilized. Breaking changes are allowed only in major releases.
 
-<!--Current feature list is [here](/docs/features.md)-->
-
-
-<!--* **Array-like structures** Full support of many-dimensional array-like structures -->
-<!--including mixed arithmetic operations and function operations over arrays and numbers (with the added benefit of static type checking).-->
-
-<!--* **Histograms** Fast multi-dimensional histograms.-->
-
-<!--* **Streaming** Streaming operations on mathematical objects and objects buffers.-->
-
-<!--* **Type-safe dimensions** Type-safe dimensions for matrix operations.-->
-
-<!--* **Commons-math wrapper** It is planned to gradually wrap most parts of -->
-<!--[Apache commons-math](http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-math/) library in Kotlin code and maybe rewrite some -->
-<!--parts to better suit the Kotlin programming paradigm, however there is no established roadmap for that. Feel free to -->
-<!--submit a feature request if you want something to be implemented first.-->
-<!--                           -->
-<!--## Planned features-->
-
-<!--* **Messaging** A mathematical notation to support multi-language and multi-node communication for mathematical tasks.-->
-
-<!--* **Array statistics** -->
-
-<!--* **Integration** Univariate and multivariate integration framework.-->
-
-<!--* **Probability and distributions**-->
-
-<!--* **Fitting** Non-linear curve fitting facilities-->
-
 ## Modules
 
 $modules

examples/build.gradle.kts

@@ -5,12 +5,7 @@ plugins {
 repositories {
     mavenCentral()
     maven("https://repo.kotlin.link")
-    maven("https://clojars.org/repo")
-    maven("https://jitpack.io")
     maven("https://maven.pkg.jetbrains.space/kotlin/p/kotlin/kotlin-js-wrappers")
-    maven("http://logicrunch.research.it.uu.se/maven") {
-        isAllowInsecureProtocol = true
-    }
 }
 
 dependencies {
@@ -32,7 +27,7 @@ dependencies {
     //jafama
     implementation(project(":kmath-jafama"))
     //multik
-    implementation(projects.kmathMultik)
+    implementation(project(":kmath-multik"))
 
 
     implementation("org.nd4j:nd4j-native:1.0.0-beta7")
@@ -57,16 +52,16 @@ dependencies {
 
 kotlin.sourceSets.all {
     with(languageSettings) {
-        useExperimentalAnnotation("kotlin.contracts.ExperimentalContracts")
+        optIn("kotlin.contracts.ExperimentalContracts")
-        useExperimentalAnnotation("kotlin.ExperimentalUnsignedTypes")
+        optIn("kotlin.ExperimentalUnsignedTypes")
-        useExperimentalAnnotation("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI")
+        optIn("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI")
     }
 }
 
 tasks.withType<org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile> {
     kotlinOptions {
         jvmTarget = "11"
-        freeCompilerArgs = freeCompilerArgs + "-Xjvm-default=all" + "-Xopt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"
+        freeCompilerArgs = freeCompilerArgs + "-Xjvm-default=all" + "-Xopt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn" + "-Xlambdas=indy"
     }
 }
 

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/astRendering.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/expressions.kt

@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast
 
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.MstField
+import space.kscience.kmath.asm.compileToExpression
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.MstExtendedField
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol.Companion.x
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.interpret
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.invoke
 
 fun main() {
-    val expr = MstField {
+    val expr = MstExtendedField {
-        x * 2.0 + number(2.0) / x - 16.0
+        x * 2.0 + number(2.0) / x - number(16.0) + asinh(x) / sin(x)
-    }
+    }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+
+    val m = DoubleArray(expr.indexer.symbols.size)
+    val xIdx = expr.indexer.indexOf(x)
 
     repeat(10000000) {
-        expr.interpret(DoubleField, x to 1.0)
+        m[xIdx] = 1.0
+        expr(m)
     }
 }

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/kotlingradSupport.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/symjaSupport.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/fit/chiSquared.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.fit

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/functions/integrate.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.functions

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/functions/interpolate.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.functions

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/functions/interpolateSquare.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.functions

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/functions/matrixIntegration.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.functions

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/jafama/JafamaDemo.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.jafama

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/linear/dotPerformance.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.linear

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/linear/gradient.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.linear

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/operations/BigIntDemo.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.operations

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/operations/complexDemo.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.operations

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/operations/mixedNDOperations.kt

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
 package space.kscience.kmath.operations
 
 import space.kscience.kmath.commons.linear.CMLinearSpace

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/stat/DistributionBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.stat

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/stat/DistributionDemo.kt

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.stat
 
 import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
 import space.kscience.kmath.chains.Chain
-import space.kscience.kmath.chains.collectWithState
+import space.kscience.kmath.chains.combineWithState
 import space.kscience.kmath.distributions.NormalDistribution
 
 private data class AveragingChainState(var num: Int = 0, var value: Double = 0.0)
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ private data class AveragingChainState(var num: Int = 0, var value: Double = 0.0
 /**
  * Averaging.
  */
-private fun Chain<Double>.mean(): Chain<Double> = collectWithState(AveragingChainState(), { it.copy() }) { chain ->
+private fun Chain<Double>.mean(): Chain<Double> = combineWithState(AveragingChainState(), { it.copy() }) { chain ->
     val next = chain.next()
     num++
     value += next
-    return@collectWithState value / num
+    return@combineWithState value / num
 }
 
 

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/structures/ComplexND.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 @file:Suppress("unused")

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/structures/NDField.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.structures

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/structures/StreamDoubleFieldND.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.structures
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class StreamDoubleFieldND(override val shape: IntArray) : FieldND<Double, Double
                 this@StreamDoubleFieldND.shape,
                 shape
             )
-            this is BufferND && this.indexes == this@StreamDoubleFieldND.strides -> this.buffer as DoubleBuffer
+            this is BufferND && this.indices == this@StreamDoubleFieldND.strides -> this.buffer as DoubleBuffer
             else -> DoubleBuffer(strides.linearSize) { offset -> get(strides.index(offset)) }
         }
 

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/structures/StructureReadBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.structures
@@ -19,24 +19,24 @@ fun main() {
 
     measureTimeMillis {
         var res = 0.0
-        strides.indices().forEach { res = structure[it] }
+        strides.asSequence().forEach { res = structure[it] }
     } // warmup
 
     val time1 = measureTimeMillis {
         var res = 0.0
-        strides.indices().forEach { res = structure[it] }
+        strides.asSequence().forEach { res = structure[it] }
     }
     println("Structure reading finished in $time1 millis")
 
     val time2 = measureTimeMillis {
         var res = 0.0
-        strides.indices().forEach { res = buffer[strides.offset(it)] }
+        strides.asSequence().forEach { res = buffer[strides.offset(it)] }
     }
     println("Buffer reading finished in $time2 millis")
 
     val time3 = measureTimeMillis {
         var res = 0.0
-        strides.indices().forEach { res = array[strides.offset(it)] }
+        strides.asSequence().forEach { res = array[strides.offset(it)] }
     }
     println("Array reading finished in $time3 millis")
 }

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/structures/StructureWriteBenchmark.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.structures

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/structures/typeSafeDimensions.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.structures

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/tensors/OLSWithSVD.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.tensors

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/tensors/PCA.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.tensors

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/tensors/dataSetNormalization.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.tensors

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/tensors/linearSystemSolvingWithLUP.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.tensors

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/tensors/multik.kt

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.tensors
 
 import org.jetbrains.kotlinx.multik.api.Multik
 import org.jetbrains.kotlinx.multik.api.ndarray
-import space.kscience.kmath.multik.multikND
+import space.kscience.kmath.multik.multikAlgebra
 import space.kscience.kmath.nd.one
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 
-fun main(): Unit = with(DoubleField.multikND) {
+fun main(): Unit = with(DoubleField.multikAlgebra) {
     val a = Multik.ndarray(intArrayOf(1, 2, 3)).asType<Double>().wrap()
     val b = Multik.ndarray(doubleArrayOf(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)).wrap()
-    one(a.shape) - a + b * 3
+    one(a.shape) - a + b * 3.0
 }

examples/src/main/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/tensors/neuralNetwork.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.tensors
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import space.kscience.kmath.operations.invoke
 import space.kscience.kmath.tensors.core.BroadcastDoubleTensorAlgebra
 import space.kscience.kmath.tensors.core.DoubleTensor
 import space.kscience.kmath.tensors.core.DoubleTensorAlgebra
-import space.kscience.kmath.tensors.core.toDoubleArray
+import space.kscience.kmath.tensors.core.copyArray
 import kotlin.math.sqrt
 
 const val seed = 100500L
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class NeuralNetwork(private val layers: List<Layer>) {
     private fun softMaxLoss(yPred: DoubleTensor, yTrue: DoubleTensor): DoubleTensor = BroadcastDoubleTensorAlgebra {
 
         val onesForAnswers = yPred.zeroesLike()
-        yTrue.toDoubleArray().forEachIndexed { index, labelDouble ->
+        yTrue.copyArray().forEachIndexed { index, labelDouble ->
             val label = labelDouble.toInt()
             onesForAnswers[intArrayOf(index, label)] = 1.0
         }
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class NeuralNetwork(private val layers: List<Layer>) {
             for ((xBatch, yBatch) in iterBatch(xTrain, yTrain)) {
                 train(xBatch, yBatch)
             }
-            println("Accuracy:${accuracy(yTrain, predict(xTrain).argMax(1, true))}")
+            println("Accuracy:${accuracy(yTrain, predict(xTrain).argMax(1, true).asDouble())}")
         }
     }
 
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ fun main() = BroadcastDoubleTensorAlgebra {
     val prediction = model.predict(xTest)
 
     // process raw prediction via argMax
-    val predictionLabels = prediction.argMax(1, true)
+    val predictionLabels = prediction.argMax(1, true).asDouble()
 
     // find out accuracy
     val acc = accuracy(yTest, predictionLabels)

gradle.properties

@@ -6,11 +6,10 @@
 kotlin.code.style=official
 kotlin.mpp.stability.nowarn=true
 
-#kotlin.mpp.enableGranularSourceSetsMetadata=true
-#kotlin.native.enableDependencyPropagation=false
-
 kotlin.jupyter.add.scanner=false
 
 org.gradle.configureondemand=true
-org.gradle.jvmargs=-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=2G
 org.gradle.parallel=true
+org.gradle.jvmargs=-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=1G
+
+toolsVersion=0.11.1-kotlin-1.6.10

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.2-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.3.3-bin.zip
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

gradlew

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env sh
+#!/bin/sh
 
 #
-# Copyright 2015 the original author or authors.
+# Copyright © 2015-2021 the original authors.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,67 +17,101 @@
 #
 
 ##############################################################################
-##
+#
-##  Gradle start up script for UN*X
+#   Gradle start up script for POSIX generated by Gradle.
-##
+#
+#   Important for running:
+#
+#   (1) You need a POSIX-compliant shell to run this script. If your /bin/sh is
+#       noncompliant, but you have some other compliant shell such as ksh or
+#       bash, then to run this script, type that shell name before the whole
+#       command line, like:
+#
+#           ksh Gradle
+#
+#       Busybox and similar reduced shells will NOT work, because this script
+#       requires all of these POSIX shell features:
+#         * functions;
+#         * expansions «$var», «${var}», «${var:-default}», «${var+SET}»,
+#           «${var#prefix}», «${var%suffix}», and «$( cmd )»;
+#         * compound commands having a testable exit status, especially «case»;
+#         * various built-in commands including «command», «set», and «ulimit».
+#
+#   Important for patching:
+#
+#   (2) This script targets any POSIX shell, so it avoids extensions provided
+#       by Bash, Ksh, etc; in particular arrays are avoided.
+#
+#       The "traditional" practice of packing multiple parameters into a
+#       space-separated string is a well documented source of bugs and security
+#       problems, so this is (mostly) avoided, by progressively accumulating
+#       options in "$@", and eventually passing that to Java.
+#
+#       Where the inherited environment variables (DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS,
+#       and GRADLE_OPTS) rely on word-splitting, this is performed explicitly;
+#       see the in-line comments for details.
+#
+#       There are tweaks for specific operating systems such as AIX, CygWin,
+#       Darwin, MinGW, and NonStop.
+#
+#   (3) This script is generated from the Groovy template
+#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/master/subprojects/plugins/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
+#       within the Gradle project.
+#
+#       You can find Gradle at https://github.com/gradle/gradle/.
+#
 ##############################################################################
 
 # Attempt to set APP_HOME
+
 # Resolve links: $0 may be a link
-PRG="$0"
+app_path=$0
-# Need this for relative symlinks.
+
-while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do
+# Need this for daisy-chained symlinks.
-    ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`
+while
-    link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'`
+    APP_HOME=${app_path%"${app_path##*/}"}  # leaves a trailing /; empty if no leading path
-    if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then
+    [ -h "$app_path" ]
-        PRG="$link"
+do
-    else
+    ls=$( ls -ld "$app_path" )
-        PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`"/$link"
+    link=${ls#*' -> '}
-    fi
+    case $link in             #(
+      /*)   app_path=$link ;; #(
+      *)    app_path=$APP_HOME$link ;;
+    esac
 done
-SAVED="`pwd`"
+
-cd "`dirname \"$PRG\"`/" >/dev/null
+APP_HOME=$( cd "${APP_HOME:-./}" && pwd -P ) || exit
-APP_HOME="`pwd -P`"
-cd "$SAVED" >/dev/null
 
 APP_NAME="Gradle"
-APP_BASE_NAME=`basename "$0"`
+APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
 
 # Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
 DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
 
 # Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value.
-MAX_FD="maximum"
+MAX_FD=maximum
 
 warn () {
     echo "$*"
-}
+} >&2
 
 die () {
     echo
     echo "$*"
     echo
     exit 1
-}
+} >&2
 
 # OS specific support (must be 'true' or 'false').
 cygwin=false
 msys=false
 darwin=false
 nonstop=false
-case "`uname`" in
+case "$( uname )" in                #(
-  CYGWIN* )
+  CYGWIN* )         cygwin=true  ;; #(
-    cygwin=true
+  Darwin* )         darwin=true  ;; #(
-    ;;
+  MSYS* | MINGW* )  msys=true    ;; #(
-  Darwin* )
+  NONSTOP* )        nonstop=true ;;
-    darwin=true
-    ;;
-  MSYS* | MINGW* )
-    msys=true
-    ;;
-  NONSTOP* )
-    nonstop=true
-    ;;
 esac
 
 CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
@@ -87,9 +121,9 @@ CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
 if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
     if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
         # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
-        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
+        JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java
     else
-        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
+        JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
     fi
     if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
         die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME
@@ -98,7 +132,7 @@ Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
 location of your Java installation."
     fi
 else
-    JAVACMD="java"
+    JAVACMD=java
     which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
 
 Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
@@ -106,80 +140,95 @@ location of your Java installation."
 fi
 
 # Increase the maximum file descriptors if we can.
-if [ "$cygwin" = "false" -a "$darwin" = "false" -a "$nonstop" = "false" ] ; then
+if ! "$cygwin" && ! "$darwin" && ! "$nonstop" ; then
-    MAX_FD_LIMIT=`ulimit -H -n`
+    case $MAX_FD in #(
-    if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
+      max*)
-        if [ "$MAX_FD" = "maximum" -o "$MAX_FD" = "max" ] ; then
+        MAX_FD=$( ulimit -H -n ) ||
-            MAX_FD="$MAX_FD_LIMIT"
+            warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit"
-        fi
+    esac
-        ulimit -n $MAX_FD
+    case $MAX_FD in  #(
-        if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
+      '' | soft) :;; #(
-            warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit: $MAX_FD"
+      *)
-        fi
+        ulimit -n "$MAX_FD" ||
-    else
+            warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit to $MAX_FD"
-        warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit: $MAX_FD_LIMIT"
-    fi
-fi
-
-# For Darwin, add options to specify how the application appears in the dock
-if $darwin; then
-    GRADLE_OPTS="$GRADLE_OPTS \"-Xdock:name=$APP_NAME\" \"-Xdock:icon=$APP_HOME/media/gradle.icns\""
-fi
-
-# For Cygwin or MSYS, switch paths to Windows format before running java
-if [ "$cygwin" = "true" -o "$msys" = "true" ] ; then
-    APP_HOME=`cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME"`
-    CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH"`
-
-    JAVACMD=`cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD"`
-
-    # We build the pattern for arguments to be converted via cygpath
-    ROOTDIRSRAW=`find -L / -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d 2>/dev/null`
-    SEP=""
-    for dir in $ROOTDIRSRAW ; do
-        ROOTDIRS="$ROOTDIRS$SEP$dir"
-        SEP="|"
-    done
-    OURCYGPATTERN="(^($ROOTDIRS))"
-    # Add a user-defined pattern to the cygpath arguments
-    if [ "$GRADLE_CYGPATTERN" != "" ] ; then
-        OURCYGPATTERN="$OURCYGPATTERN|($GRADLE_CYGPATTERN)"
-    fi
-    # Now convert the arguments - kludge to limit ourselves to /bin/sh
-    i=0
-    for arg in "$@" ; do
-        CHECK=`echo "$arg"|egrep -c "$OURCYGPATTERN" -`
-        CHECK2=`echo "$arg"|egrep -c "^-"`                                 ### Determine if an option
-
-        if [ $CHECK -ne 0 ] && [ $CHECK2 -eq 0 ] ; then                    ### Added a condition
-            eval `echo args$i`=`cygpath --path --ignore --mixed "$arg"`
-        else
-            eval `echo args$i`="\"$arg\""
-        fi
-        i=`expr $i + 1`
-    done
-    case $i in
-        0) set -- ;;
-        1) set -- "$args0" ;;
-        2) set -- "$args0" "$args1" ;;
-        3) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" ;;
-        4) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" ;;
-        5) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" ;;
-        6) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" ;;
-        7) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" ;;
-        8) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" "$args7" ;;
-        9) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" "$args7" "$args8" ;;
     esac
 fi
 
-# Escape application args
+# Collect all arguments for the java command, stacking in reverse order:
-save () {
+#   * args from the command line
-    for i do printf %s\\n "$i" | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/' \\\\/" ; done
+#   * the main class name
-    echo " "
+#   * -classpath
-}
+#   * -D...appname settings
-APP_ARGS=`save "$@"`
+#   * --module-path (only if needed)
+#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and GRADLE_OPTS environment variables.
 
-# Collect all arguments for the java command, following the shell quoting and substitution rules
+# For Cygwin or MSYS, switch paths to Windows format before running java
-eval set -- $DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS $JAVA_OPTS $GRADLE_OPTS "\"-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME\"" -classpath "\"$CLASSPATH\"" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain "$APP_ARGS"
+if "$cygwin" || "$msys" ; then
+    APP_HOME=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME" )
+    CLASSPATH=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH" )
+
+    JAVACMD=$( cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD" )
+
+    # Now convert the arguments - kludge to limit ourselves to /bin/sh
+    for arg do
+        if
+            case $arg in                                #(
+              -*)   false ;;                            # don't mess with options #(
+              /?*)  t=${arg#/} t=/${t%%/*}              # looks like a POSIX filepath
+                    [ -e "$t" ] ;;                      #(
+              *)    false ;;
+            esac
+        then
+            arg=$( cygpath --path --ignore --mixed "$arg" )
+        fi
+        # Roll the args list around exactly as many times as the number of
+        # args, so each arg winds up back in the position where it started, but
+        # possibly modified.
+        #
+        # NB: a `for` loop captures its iteration list before it begins, so
+        # changing the positional parameters here affects neither the number of
+        # iterations, nor the values presented in `arg`.
+        shift                   # remove old arg
+        set -- "$@" "$arg"      # push replacement arg
+    done
+fi
+
+# Collect all arguments for the java command;
+#   * $DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, $JAVA_OPTS, and $GRADLE_OPTS can contain fragments of
+#     shell script including quotes and variable substitutions, so put them in
+#     double quotes to make sure that they get re-expanded; and
+#   * put everything else in single quotes, so that it's not re-expanded.
+
+set -- \
+        "-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \
+        -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
+        org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain \
+        "$@"
+
+# Use "xargs" to parse quoted args.
+#
+# With -n1 it outputs one arg per line, with the quotes and backslashes removed.
+#
+# In Bash we could simply go:
+#
+#   readarray ARGS < <( xargs -n1 <<<"$var" ) &&
+#   set -- "${ARGS[@]}" "$@"
+#
+# but POSIX shell has neither arrays nor command substitution, so instead we
+# post-process each arg (as a line of input to sed) to backslash-escape any
+# character that might be a shell metacharacter, then use eval to reverse
+# that process (while maintaining the separation between arguments), and wrap
+# the whole thing up as a single "set" statement.
+#
+# This will of course break if any of these variables contains a newline or
+# an unmatched quote.
+#
+
+eval "set -- $(
+        printf '%s\n' "$DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS $JAVA_OPTS $GRADLE_OPTS" |
+        xargs -n1 |
+        sed ' s~[^-[:alnum:]+,./:=@_]~\\&~g; ' |
+        tr '\n' ' '
+    )" '"$@"'
 
 exec "$JAVACMD" "$@"

kmath-ast/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Module kmath-ast
 
-Performance and visualization extensions to MST API.
+Extensions to MST API: transformations, dynamic compilation and visualization.
 
  - [expression-language](src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/parser.kt) : Expression language and its parser
  - [mst-jvm-codegen](src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/asm/asm.kt) : Dynamic MST to JVM bytecode compiler
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Performance and visualization extensions to MST API.
 
 ## Artifact:
 
-The Maven coordinates of this project are `space.kscience:kmath-ast:0.3.0-dev-14`.
+The Maven coordinates of this project are `space.kscience:kmath-ast:0.3.0-dev-17`.
 
 **Gradle:**
 ```gradle
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ repositories {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-    implementation 'space.kscience:kmath-ast:0.3.0-dev-14'
+    implementation 'space.kscience:kmath-ast:0.3.0-dev-17'
 }
 ```
 **Gradle Kotlin DSL:**
@@ -31,10 +31,30 @@ repositories {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-    implementation("space.kscience:kmath-ast:0.3.0-dev-14")
+    implementation("space.kscience:kmath-ast:0.3.0-dev-17")
 }
 ```
 
+## Parsing expressions
+
+In this module there is a parser from human-readable strings like `"x^3-x+3"` (in the more specific [grammar](reference/ArithmeticsEvaluator.g4)) to MST instances.
+
+Supported literals:
+1. Constants and variables (consist of latin letters, digits and underscores, can't start with digit): `x`, `_Abc2`.
+2. Numbers: `123`, `1.02`, `1e10`, `1e-10`, `1.0e+3`—all parsed either as `kotlin.Long` or `kotlin.Double`.
+
+Supported binary operators (from the highest precedence to the lowest one):
+1. `^`
+2. `*`, `/`
+3. `+`, `-`
+
+Supported unary operator:
+1. `-`, e. g. `-x`
+
+Arbitrary unary and binary functions are also supported: names consist of latin letters, digits and underscores, can't start with digit. Examples:
+1. `sin(x)`
+2. `add(x, y)`
+
 ## Dynamic expression code generation
 
 ### On JVM
@@ -42,48 +62,41 @@ dependencies {
 `kmath-ast` JVM module supports runtime code generation to eliminate overhead of tree traversal. Code generator builds a
 special implementation of `Expression<T>` with implemented `invoke` function.
 
-For example, the following builder:
+For example, the following code:
 
 ```kotlin
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol.Companion.x
+import space.kscience.kmath.asm.compileToExpression
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.*
+import space.kscience.kmath.complex.ComplexField
-import space.kscience.kmath.operations.*
-import space.kscience.kmath.asm.*
 
-MstField { x + 2 }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+"x+2".parseMath().compileToExpression(ComplexField)
 ```
 
-... leads to generation of bytecode, which can be decompiled to the following Java class:
+&mldr; leads to generation of bytecode, which can be decompiled to the following Java class:
 
 ```java
-package space.kscience.kmath.asm.generated;
-
 import java.util.Map;
-
 import kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2;
 import space.kscience.kmath.asm.internal.MapIntrinsics;
+import space.kscience.kmath.complex.Complex;
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Expression;
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol;
 
-public final class AsmCompiledExpression_45045_0 implements Expression<Double> {
+public final class CompiledExpression_45045_0 implements Expression<Complex> {
     private final Object[] constants;
 
-    public final Double invoke(Map<Symbol, ? extends Double> arguments) {
+    public Complex invoke(Map<Symbol, ? extends Complex> arguments) {
-        return (Double) ((Function2) this.constants[0]).invoke((Double) MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x"), 2);
+        Complex var2 = (Complex)MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x");
-    }
+        return (Complex)((Function2)this.constants[0]).invoke(var2, (Complex)this.constants[1]);
-
-    public AsmCompiledExpression_45045_0(Object[] constants) {
-        this.constants = constants;
     }
 }
-
 ```
 
-#### Known issues
+Setting JVM system property `space.kscience.kmath.ast.dump.generated.classes` to `1` makes the translator dump class files to program's working directory, so they can be reviewed manually.
 
-- The same classes may be generated and loaded twice, so it is recommended to cache compiled expressions to avoid class
+#### Limitations
-  loading overhead.
+
-- This API is not supported by non-dynamic JVM implementations (like TeaVM and GraalVM) because of using class loaders.
+- The same classes may be generated and loaded twice, so it is recommended to cache compiled expressions to avoid class loading overhead.
+- This API is not supported by non-dynamic JVM implementations like TeaVM or GraalVM Native Image because they may not support class loaders.
 
 ### On JS
 
@@ -129,7 +142,7 @@ An example of emitted Wasm IR in the form of WAT:
 )
 ```
 
-#### Known issues
+#### Limitations
 
 - ESTree expression compilation uses `eval` which can be unavailable in several environments.
 - WebAssembly isn't supported by old versions of browsers (see https://webassembly.org/roadmap/).

kmath-ast/build.gradle.kts

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ kotlin.js {
 kotlin.sourceSets {
     filter { it.name.contains("test", true) }
         .map(org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.KotlinSourceSet::languageSettings)
-        .forEach { it.useExperimentalAnnotation("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI") }
+        .forEach { it.optIn("space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI") }
 
     commonMain {
         dependencies {
@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ tasks.dokkaHtml {
     dependsOn(tasks.build)
 }
 
+if (System.getProperty("space.kscience.kmath.ast.dump.generated.classes") == "1")
+    tasks.jvmTest {
+        jvmArgs = (jvmArgs ?: emptyList()) + listOf("-Dspace.kscience.kmath.ast.dump.generated.classes=1")
+    }
+
 readme {
     maturity = ru.mipt.npm.gradle.Maturity.EXPERIMENTAL
     propertyByTemplate("artifact", rootProject.file("docs/templates/ARTIFACT-TEMPLATE.md"))

kmath-ast/docs/README-TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,11 +1,31 @@
 # Module kmath-ast
 
-Performance and visualization extensions to MST API.
+Extensions to MST API: transformations, dynamic compilation and visualization.
 
 ${features}
 
 ${artifact}
 
+## Parsing expressions
+
+In this module there is a parser from human-readable strings like `"x^3-x+3"` (in the more specific [grammar](reference/ArithmeticsEvaluator.g4)) to MST instances.
+
+Supported literals:
+1. Constants and variables (consist of latin letters, digits and underscores, can't start with digit): `x`, `_Abc2`.
+2. Numbers: `123`, `1.02`, `1e10`, `1e-10`, `1.0e+3`—all parsed either as `kotlin.Long` or `kotlin.Double`.
+
+Supported binary operators (from the highest precedence to the lowest one):
+1. `^`
+2. `*`, `/`
+3. `+`, `-`
+
+Supported unary operator:
+1. `-`, e. g. `-x`
+
+Arbitrary unary and binary functions are also supported: names consist of latin letters, digits and underscores, can't start with digit. Examples:
+1. `sin(x)`
+2. `add(x, y)`
+
 ## Dynamic expression code generation
 
 ### On JVM
@@ -13,48 +33,66 @@ ${artifact}
 `kmath-ast` JVM module supports runtime code generation to eliminate overhead of tree traversal. Code generator builds a
 special implementation of `Expression<T>` with implemented `invoke` function.
 
-For example, the following builder:
+For example, the following code:
 
 ```kotlin
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol.Companion.x
+import space.kscience.kmath.asm.compileToExpression
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.*
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
-import space.kscience.kmath.operations.*
-import space.kscience.kmath.asm.*
 
-MstField { x + 2 }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+"x^3-x+3".parseMath().compileToExpression(DoubleField)
 ```
 
-... leads to generation of bytecode, which can be decompiled to the following Java class:
+&mldr; leads to generation of bytecode, which can be decompiled to the following Java class:
 
 ```java
-package space.kscience.kmath.asm.generated;
+import java.util.*;
+import kotlin.jvm.functions.*;
+import space.kscience.kmath.asm.internal.*;
+import space.kscience.kmath.complex.*;
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.*;
 
-import java.util.Map;
+public final class CompiledExpression_45045_0 implements Expression<Complex> {
-
-import kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2;
-import space.kscience.kmath.asm.internal.MapIntrinsics;
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Expression;
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol;
-
-public final class AsmCompiledExpression_45045_0 implements Expression<Double> {
     private final Object[] constants;
 
-    public final Double invoke(Map<Symbol, ? extends Double> arguments) {
+    public Complex invoke(Map<Symbol, ? extends Complex> arguments) {
-        return (Double) ((Function2) this.constants[0]).invoke((Double) MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x"), 2);
+        Complex var2 = (Complex)MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x");
-    }
+        return (Complex)((Function2)this.constants[0]).invoke(var2, (Complex)this.constants[1]);
-
-    public AsmCompiledExpression_45045_0(Object[] constants) {
-        this.constants = constants;
     }
 }
-
 ```
 
-#### Known issues
+For `LongRing`, `IntRing`, and `DoubleField` specialization is supported for better performance:
 
-- The same classes may be generated and loaded twice, so it is recommended to cache compiled expressions to avoid class
+```java
-  loading overhead.
+import java.util.*;
-- This API is not supported by non-dynamic JVM implementations (like TeaVM and GraalVM) because of using class loaders.
+import space.kscience.kmath.asm.internal.*;
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.*;
+
+public final class CompiledExpression_-386104628_0 implements DoubleExpression {
+    private final SymbolIndexer indexer;
+
+    public SymbolIndexer getIndexer() {
+        return this.indexer;
+    }
+
+    public double invoke(double[] arguments) {
+        double var2 = arguments[0];
+        return Math.pow(var2, 3.0D) - var2 + 3.0D;
+    }
+
+    public final Double invoke(Map<Symbol, ? extends Double> arguments) {
+        double var2 = ((Double)MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x")).doubleValue();
+        return Math.pow(var2, 3.0D) - var2 + 3.0D;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Setting JVM system property `space.kscience.kmath.ast.dump.generated.classes` to `1` makes the translator dump class files to program's working directory, so they can be reviewed manually.
+
+#### Limitations
+
+- The same classes may be generated and loaded twice, so it is recommended to cache compiled expressions to avoid class loading overhead.
+- This API is not supported by non-dynamic JVM implementations like TeaVM or GraalVM Native Image because they may not support class loaders.
 
 ### On JS
 
@@ -100,7 +138,7 @@ An example of emitted Wasm IR in the form of WAT:
 )
 ```
 
-#### Known issues
+#### Limitations
 
 - ESTree expression compilation uses `eval` which can be unavailable in several environments.
 - WebAssembly isn't supported by old versions of browsers (see https://webassembly.org/roadmap/).

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TypedMst.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+package space.kscience.kmath.ast
+
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Expression
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol
+import space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.Algebra
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.NumericAlgebra
+
+/**
+ * MST form where all values belong to the type [T]. It is optimal for constant folding, dynamic compilation, etc.
+ *
+ * @param T the type.
+ */
+@UnstableKMathAPI
+public sealed interface TypedMst<T> {
+    /**
+     * A node containing a unary operation.
+     *
+     * @param T the type.
+     * @property operation The identifier of operation.
+     * @property function The function implementing this operation.
+     * @property value The argument of this operation.
+     */
+    public class Unary<T>(public val operation: String, public val function: (T) -> T, public val value: TypedMst<T>) :
+        TypedMst<T> {
+        override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+            if (this === other) return true
+            if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+            other as Unary<*>
+            if (operation != other.operation) return false
+            if (value != other.value) return false
+            return true
+        }
+
+        override fun hashCode(): Int {
+            var result = operation.hashCode()
+            result = 31 * result + value.hashCode()
+            return result
+        }
+
+        override fun toString(): String = "Unary(operation=$operation, value=$value)"
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A node containing binary operation.
+     *
+     * @param T the type.
+     * @property operation The identifier of operation.
+     * @property function The binary function implementing this operation.
+     * @property left The left operand.
+     * @property right The right operand.
+     */
+    public class Binary<T>(
+        public val operation: String,
+        public val function: Function<T>,
+        public val left: TypedMst<T>,
+        public val right: TypedMst<T>,
+    ) : TypedMst<T> {
+        override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+            if (this === other) return true
+            if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+
+            other as Binary<*>
+
+            if (operation != other.operation) return false
+            if (left != other.left) return false
+            if (right != other.right) return false
+
+            return true
+        }
+
+        override fun hashCode(): Int {
+            var result = operation.hashCode()
+            result = 31 * result + left.hashCode()
+            result = 31 * result + right.hashCode()
+            return result
+        }
+
+        override fun toString(): String = "Binary(operation=$operation, left=$left, right=$right)"
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The non-numeric constant value.
+     *
+     * @param T the type.
+     * @property value The held value.
+     * @property number The number this value corresponds.
+     */
+    public class Constant<T>(public val value: T, public val number: Number?) : TypedMst<T> {
+        override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+            if (this === other) return true
+            if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+            other as Constant<*>
+            if (value != other.value) return false
+            if (number != other.number) return false
+            return true
+        }
+
+        override fun hashCode(): Int {
+            var result = value?.hashCode() ?: 0
+            result = 31 * result + (number?.hashCode() ?: 0)
+            return result
+        }
+
+        override fun toString(): String = "Constant(value=$value, number=$number)"
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The node containing a variable
+     *
+     * @param T the type.
+     * @property symbol The symbol of the variable.
+     */
+    public class Variable<T>(public val symbol: Symbol) : TypedMst<T> {
+        override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+            if (this === other) return true
+            if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+            other as Variable<*>
+            if (symbol != other.symbol) return false
+            return true
+        }
+
+        override fun hashCode(): Int = symbol.hashCode()
+        override fun toString(): String = "Variable(symbol=$symbol)"
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Interprets the [TypedMst] node with this [Algebra] and [arguments].
+ */
+@UnstableKMathAPI
+public fun <T> TypedMst<T>.interpret(algebra: Algebra<T>, arguments: Map<Symbol, T>): T = when (this) {
+    is TypedMst.Unary -> algebra.unaryOperation(operation, interpret(algebra, arguments))
+
+    is TypedMst.Binary -> when {
+        algebra is NumericAlgebra && left is TypedMst.Constant && left.number != null ->
+            algebra.leftSideNumberOperation(operation, left.number, right.interpret(algebra, arguments))
+
+        algebra is NumericAlgebra && right is TypedMst.Constant && right.number != null ->
+            algebra.rightSideNumberOperation(operation, left.interpret(algebra, arguments), right.number)
+
+        else -> algebra.binaryOperation(
+            operation,
+            left.interpret(algebra, arguments),
+            right.interpret(algebra, arguments),
+        )
+    }
+
+    is TypedMst.Constant -> value
+    is TypedMst.Variable -> arguments.getValue(symbol)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Interprets the [TypedMst] node with this [Algebra] and optional [arguments].
+ */
+@UnstableKMathAPI
+public fun <T> TypedMst<T>.interpret(algebra: Algebra<T>, vararg arguments: Pair<Symbol, T>): T = interpret(
+    algebra,
+    when (arguments.size) {
+        0 -> emptyMap()
+        1 -> mapOf(arguments[0])
+        else -> hashMapOf(*arguments)
+    },
+)
+
+/**
+ * Interpret this [TypedMst] node as expression.
+ */
+@UnstableKMathAPI
+public fun <T : Any> TypedMst<T>.toExpression(algebra: Algebra<T>): Expression<T> = Expression { arguments ->
+    interpret(algebra, arguments)
+}

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/evaluateConstants.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+package space.kscience.kmath.ast
+
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.MST
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol
+import space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.Algebra
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.NumericAlgebra
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.bindSymbolOrNull
+
+/**
+ * Evaluates constants in given [MST] for given [algebra] at the same time with converting to [TypedMst].
+ */
+@UnstableKMathAPI
+public fun <T> MST.evaluateConstants(algebra: Algebra<T>): TypedMst<T> = when (this) {
+    is MST.Numeric -> TypedMst.Constant(
+        (algebra as? NumericAlgebra<T>)?.number(value) ?: error("Numeric nodes are not supported by $algebra"),
+        value,
+    )
+
+    is MST.Unary -> when (val arg = value.evaluateConstants(algebra)) {
+        is TypedMst.Constant<T> -> {
+            val value = algebra.unaryOperation(
+                operation,
+                arg.value,
+            )
+
+            TypedMst.Constant(value, if (value is Number) value else null)
+        }
+
+        else -> TypedMst.Unary(operation, algebra.unaryOperationFunction(operation), arg)
+    }
+
+    is MST.Binary -> {
+        val left = left.evaluateConstants(algebra)
+        val right = right.evaluateConstants(algebra)
+
+        when {
+            left is TypedMst.Constant<T> && right is TypedMst.Constant<T> -> {
+                val value = when {
+                    algebra is NumericAlgebra && left.number != null -> algebra.leftSideNumberOperation(
+                        operation,
+                        left.number,
+                        right.value,
+                    )
+
+                    algebra is NumericAlgebra && right.number != null -> algebra.rightSideNumberOperation(
+                        operation,
+                        left.value,
+                        right.number,
+                    )
+
+                    else -> algebra.binaryOperation(
+                        operation,
+                        left.value,
+                        right.value,
+                    )
+                }
+
+                TypedMst.Constant(value, if (value is Number) value else null)
+            }
+
+            algebra is NumericAlgebra && left is TypedMst.Constant && left.number != null -> TypedMst.Binary(
+                operation,
+                algebra.leftSideNumberOperationFunction(operation),
+                left,
+                right,
+            )
+
+            algebra is NumericAlgebra && right is TypedMst.Constant && right.number != null -> TypedMst.Binary(
+                operation,
+                algebra.rightSideNumberOperationFunction(operation),
+                left,
+                right,
+            )
+
+            else -> TypedMst.Binary(operation, algebra.binaryOperationFunction(operation), left, right)
+        }
+    }
+
+    is Symbol -> {
+        val boundSymbol = algebra.bindSymbolOrNull(this)
+
+        if (boundSymbol != null)
+            TypedMst.Constant(boundSymbol, if (boundSymbol is Number) boundSymbol else null)
+        else
+            TypedMst.Variable(this)
+    }
+}

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/parser.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import space.kscience.kmath.operations.FieldOps
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.GroupOps
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.PowerOperations
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.RingOps
+import kotlin.math.floor
 
 /**
  * better-parse implementation of grammar defined in the ArithmeticsEvaluator.g4.
@@ -40,9 +41,22 @@ public object ArithmeticsEvaluator : Grammar<MST>() {
     private val div: Token by literalToken("/")
     private val minus: Token by literalToken("-")
     private val plus: Token by literalToken("+")
+
+    @Suppress("unused")
     private val ws: Token by regexToken("\\s+".toRegex(), ignore = true)
 
-    private val number: Parser<MST> by num use { MST.Numeric(text.toDouble()) }
+    // TODO Rewrite as custom parser to handle numbers with better precision. Currently, numbers like 1e10 are handled while they could be stored as longs without precision loss.
+    private val number: Parser<MST> by num use {
+        val d = text.toDoubleOrNull()
+
+        MST.Numeric(
+            if (d == null || d == floor(d) && !d.isInfinite()) {
+                text.toLongOrNull() ?: text.toDouble()
+            } else
+                d
+        )
+    }
+
     private val singular: Parser<MST> by id use { Symbol(text) }
 
     private val unaryFunction: Parser<MST> by (id and -lpar and parser(ArithmeticsEvaluator::subSumChain) and -rpar)
@@ -91,7 +105,8 @@ public object ArithmeticsEvaluator : Grammar<MST>() {
 }
 
 /**
- * Tries to parse the string into [MST] using [ArithmeticsEvaluator]. Returns [ParseResult] representing expression or error.
+ * Tries to parse the string into [MST] using [ArithmeticsEvaluator]. Returns [ParseResult] representing expression or
+ * error.
  *
  * @receiver the string to parse.
  * @return the [MST] node.

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/LatexSyntaxRenderer.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/MathMLSyntaxRenderer.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/MathRenderer.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/MathSyntax.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/SyntaxRenderer.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/features.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/multiplatformToString.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/phases.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TestCompilerConsistencyWithInterpreter.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TestCompilerOperations.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast
@@ -44,6 +44,30 @@ internal class TestCompilerOperations {
         assertEquals(1.0, expr(x to 0.0))
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun testTangent() = runCompilerTest {
+        val expr = MstExtendedField { tan(x) }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        assertEquals(0.0, expr(x to 0.0))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testArcSine() = runCompilerTest {
+        val expr = MstExtendedField { asin(x) }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        assertEquals(0.0, expr(x to 0.0))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testArcCosine() = runCompilerTest {
+        val expr = MstExtendedField { acos(x) }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        assertEquals(0.0, expr(x to 1.0))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testAreaHyperbolicSine() = runCompilerTest {
+        val expr = MstExtendedField { asinh(x) }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        assertEquals(0.0, expr(x to 0.0))
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun testSubtract() = runCompilerTest {
         val expr = MstExtendedField { x - x }.compileToExpression(DoubleField)

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TestCompilerVariables.kt

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast
 
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.MstRing
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol.Companion.x
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol.Companion.y
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.invoke
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.IntRing
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.invoke
 import kotlin.test.Test
@@ -16,11 +18,23 @@ import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
 
 internal class TestCompilerVariables {
     @Test
-    fun testVariable() = runCompilerTest {
+    fun testNoVariables() = runCompilerTest {
+        val expr = "0".parseMath().compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        assertEquals(0.0, expr(), 0.0001)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testOneVariable() = runCompilerTest {
         val expr = MstRing { x }.compileToExpression(IntRing)
         assertEquals(1, expr(x to 1))
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun testTwoVariables() = runCompilerTest {
+        val expr = "y+x/y+x".parseMath().compileToExpression(DoubleField)
+        assertEquals(8.0, expr(x to 4.0, y to 2.0))
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun testUndefinedVariableFails() = runCompilerTest {
         val expr = MstRing { x }.compileToExpression(IntRing)

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TestFolding.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+package space.kscience.kmath.ast
+
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.ByteRing
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.IntRing
+import space.kscience.kmath.operations.pi
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.fail
+
+internal class TestFolding {
+    @Test
+    fun foldUnary() = assertEquals(
+        -1,
+        ("-(1)".parseMath().evaluateConstants(IntRing) as? TypedMst.Constant<Int> ?: fail()).value,
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun foldDeepUnary() = assertEquals(
+        1,
+        ("-(-(1))".parseMath().evaluateConstants(IntRing) as? TypedMst.Constant<Int> ?: fail()).value,
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun foldBinary() = assertEquals(
+        2,
+        ("1*2".parseMath().evaluateConstants(IntRing) as? TypedMst.Constant<Int> ?: fail()).value,
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun foldDeepBinary() = assertEquals(
+        10,
+        ("1*2*5".parseMath().evaluateConstants(IntRing) as? TypedMst.Constant<Int> ?: fail()).value,
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun foldSymbol() = assertEquals(
+        DoubleField.pi,
+        ("pi".parseMath().evaluateConstants(DoubleField) as? TypedMst.Constant<Double> ?: fail()).value,
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun foldNumeric() = assertEquals(
+        42.toByte(),
+        ("42".parseMath().evaluateConstants(ByteRing) as? TypedMst.Constant<Byte> ?: fail()).value,
+    )
+}

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TestParser.kt

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast
 
 import space.kscience.kmath.complex.Complex
 import space.kscience.kmath.complex.ComplexField
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.evaluate
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.interpret
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.Algebra
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 import kotlin.test.Test
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ internal class TestParser {
     @Test
     fun evaluateParsedMst() {
         val mst = "2+2*(2+2)".parseMath()
-        val res = ComplexField.evaluate(mst)
+        val res = mst.interpret(ComplexField)
         assertEquals(Complex(10.0, 0.0), res)
     }
 
     @Test
     fun evaluateMstSymbol() {
         val mst = "i".parseMath()
-        val res = ComplexField.evaluate(mst)
+        val res = mst.interpret(ComplexField)
         assertEquals(ComplexField.i, res)
     }
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ internal class TestParser {
     @Test
     fun evaluateMstUnary() {
         val mst = "sin(0)".parseMath()
-        val res = DoubleField.evaluate(mst)
+        val res = mst.interpret(DoubleField)
         assertEquals(0.0, res)
     }
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ internal class TestParser {
         }
 
         val mst = "magic(a, b)".parseMath()
-        val res = magicalAlgebra.evaluate(mst)
+        val res = mst.interpret(magicalAlgebra)
         assertEquals("a ★ b", res)
     }
 }

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/TestParserPrecedence.kt

@@ -1,39 +1,39 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast
 
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.evaluate
+import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.interpret
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.DoubleField
 import kotlin.test.Test
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 
 internal class TestParserPrecedence {
     @Test
-    fun test1(): Unit = assertEquals(6.0, f.evaluate("2*2+2".parseMath()))
+    fun test1(): Unit = assertEquals(6.0, "2*2+2".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test2(): Unit = assertEquals(6.0, f.evaluate("2+2*2".parseMath()))
+    fun test2(): Unit = assertEquals(6.0, "2+2*2".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test3(): Unit = assertEquals(10.0, f.evaluate("2^3+2".parseMath()))
+    fun test3(): Unit = assertEquals(10.0, "2^3+2".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test4(): Unit = assertEquals(10.0, f.evaluate("2+2^3".parseMath()))
+    fun test4(): Unit = assertEquals(10.0, "2+2^3".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test5(): Unit = assertEquals(16.0, f.evaluate("2^3*2".parseMath()))
+    fun test5(): Unit = assertEquals(16.0, "2^3*2".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test6(): Unit = assertEquals(16.0, f.evaluate("2*2^3".parseMath()))
+    fun test6(): Unit = assertEquals(16.0, "2*2^3".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test7(): Unit = assertEquals(18.0, f.evaluate("2+2^3*2".parseMath()))
+    fun test7(): Unit = assertEquals(18.0, "2+2^3*2".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     @Test
-    fun test8(): Unit = assertEquals(18.0, f.evaluate("2*2^3+2".parseMath()))
+    fun test8(): Unit = assertEquals(18.0, "2*2^3+2".parseMath().interpret(f))
 
     private companion object {
         private val f = DoubleField

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/TestFeatures.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/TestLatex.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/TestMathML.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/TestStages.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/TestUtils.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/utils.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/ast/rendering/multiplatformToString.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.ast.rendering

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/estree/estree.kt

@@ -1,88 +1,52 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.estree
 
+import space.kscience.kmath.ast.TypedMst
+import space.kscience.kmath.ast.evaluateConstants
 import space.kscience.kmath.estree.internal.ESTreeBuilder
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Expression
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.MST
-import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.MST.*
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.Symbol
 import space.kscience.kmath.expressions.invoke
 import space.kscience.kmath.internal.estree.BaseExpression
+import space.kscience.kmath.misc.UnstableKMathAPI
 import space.kscience.kmath.operations.Algebra
-import space.kscience.kmath.operations.NumericAlgebra
-import space.kscience.kmath.operations.bindSymbolOrNull
-
-@PublishedApi
-internal fun <T> MST.compileWith(algebra: Algebra<T>): Expression<T> {
-    fun ESTreeBuilder<T>.visit(node: MST): BaseExpression = when (node) {
-        is Symbol -> {
-            val symbol = algebra.bindSymbolOrNull(node)
-
-            if (symbol != null)
-                constant(symbol)
-            else
-                variable(node.identity)
-        }
-
-        is Numeric -> constant(node.value)
-
-        is Unary -> when {
-            algebra is NumericAlgebra && node.value is Numeric -> constant(
-                algebra.unaryOperationFunction(node.operation)(algebra.number((node.value as Numeric).value)))
-
-            else -> call(algebra.unaryOperationFunction(node.operation), visit(node.value))
-        }
-
-        is Binary -> when {
-            algebra is NumericAlgebra && node.left is Numeric && node.right is Numeric -> constant(
-                algebra.binaryOperationFunction(node.operation).invoke(
-                    algebra.number((node.left as Numeric).value),
-                    algebra.number((node.right as Numeric).value)
-                )
-            )
-
-            algebra is NumericAlgebra && node.left is Numeric -> call(
-                algebra.leftSideNumberOperationFunction(node.operation),
-                visit(node.left),
-                visit(node.right),
-            )
-
-            algebra is NumericAlgebra && node.right is Numeric -> call(
-                algebra.rightSideNumberOperationFunction(node.operation),
-                visit(node.left),
-                visit(node.right),
-            )
-
-            else -> call(
-                algebra.binaryOperationFunction(node.operation),
-                visit(node.left),
-                visit(node.right),
-            )
-        }
-    }
-
-    return ESTreeBuilder<T> { visit(this@compileWith) }.instance
-}
 
 /**
  * Create a compiled expression with given [MST] and given [algebra].
  */
-public fun <T : Any> MST.compileToExpression(algebra: Algebra<T>): Expression<T> = compileWith(algebra)
+@OptIn(UnstableKMathAPI::class)
+public fun <T : Any> MST.compileToExpression(algebra: Algebra<T>): Expression<T> {
+    val typed = evaluateConstants(algebra)
+    if (typed is TypedMst.Constant<T>) return Expression { typed.value }
 
+    fun ESTreeBuilder<T>.visit(node: TypedMst<T>): BaseExpression = when (node) {
+        is TypedMst.Constant -> constant(node.value)
+        is TypedMst.Variable -> variable(node.symbol)
+        is TypedMst.Unary -> call(node.function, visit(node.value))
+
+        is TypedMst.Binary -> call(
+            node.function,
+            visit(node.left),
+            visit(node.right),
+        )
+    }
+
+    return ESTreeBuilder<T> { visit(typed) }.instance
+}
 
 /**
  * Compile given MST to expression and evaluate it against [arguments]
  */
-public inline fun <reified T : Any> MST.compile(algebra: Algebra<T>, arguments: Map<Symbol, T>): T =
+public fun <T : Any> MST.compile(algebra: Algebra<T>, arguments: Map<Symbol, T>): T =
-    compileToExpression(algebra).invoke(arguments)
+    compileToExpression(algebra)(arguments)
-
 
 /**
  * Compile given MST to expression and evaluate it against [arguments]
  */
-public inline fun <reified T : Any> MST.compile(algebra: Algebra<T>, vararg arguments: Pair<Symbol, T>): T =
+public fun <T : Any> MST.compile(algebra: Algebra<T>, vararg arguments: Pair<Symbol, T>): T =
-    compileToExpression(algebra).invoke(*arguments)
+    compileToExpression(algebra)(*arguments)

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/estree/internal/ESTreeBuilder.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.estree.internal
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ internal class ESTreeBuilder<T>(val bodyCallback: ESTreeBuilder<T>.() -> BaseExp
         }
     }
 
-    fun variable(name: String): BaseExpression = call(getOrFail, Identifier("arguments"), SimpleLiteral(name))
+    fun variable(name: Symbol): BaseExpression = call(getOrFail, Identifier("arguments"), SimpleLiteral(name.identity))
 
     fun call(function: Function<T>, vararg args: BaseExpression): BaseExpression = SimpleCallExpression(
         optional = false,

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/estree/internal/astring/astring.typealises.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.estree.internal.astring

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/astring/astring.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 @file:JsModule("astring")

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/astring/astring.typealises.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.internal.astring

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/base64/base64.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 @file:Suppress(

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/binaryen/index.binaryen.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 @file:Suppress(

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/binaryen/index.binaryen.typealiases.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 @file:Suppress("PackageDirectoryMismatch", "NO_EXPLICIT_VISIBILITY_IN_API_MODE_WARNING", "KDocMissingDocumentation")

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/emitter/emitter.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.internal.emitter

kmath-ast/src/jsMain/kotlin/space/kscience/kmath/internal/estree/estree.extensions.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2018-2021 KMath contributors.
- * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
  */
 
 package space.kscience.kmath.internal.estree