Merge pull request #109 from CommanderTvis/adv-expr-more-docs

Fill in the lack of documentation of kmath-ast module for adv-expr

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/asm.kt

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ fun <T : Any> MST.compileWith(type: KClass<T>, algebra: Algebra<T>): Expression<
 /**
  * Compile an [MST] to ASM using given algebra
  */
-inline fun <reified T : Any> Algebra<T>.expresion(mst: MST): Expression<T> = mst.compileWith(T::class, this)
+inline fun <reified T : Any> Algebra<T>.expression(mst: MST): Expression<T> = mst.compileWith(T::class, this)
 
 /**
  * Optimize performance of an [MSTExpression] using ASM codegen

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/AsmBuilder.kt

@@ -11,9 +11,12 @@ import scientifik.kmath.operations.Algebra
  * ASM Builder is a structure that abstracts building a class that unwraps [AsmExpression] to plain Java expression.
  * This class uses [ClassLoader] for loading the generated class, then it is able to instantiate the new class.
  *
- * @param T the type of AsmExpression to unwrap.
+ * @param T the type generated [AsmCompiledExpression] operates.
- * @param algebra the algebra the applied AsmExpressions use.
+ * @property classOfT the [Class] of T.
- * @param className the unique class name of new loaded class.
+ * @property algebra the algebra the applied AsmExpressions use.
+ * @property className the unique class name of new loaded class.
+ * @property invokeLabel0Visitor the function applied to this object when the L0 label of invoke implementation is
+ * being written.
  */
 internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     private val classOfT: Class<*>,
@@ -21,10 +24,16 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     private val className: String,
     private val invokeLabel0Visitor: AsmBuilder<T>.() -> Unit
 ) {
+    /**
+     * Internal classloader of [AsmBuilder] with alias to define class from byte array.
+     */
     private class ClassLoader(parent: java.lang.ClassLoader) : java.lang.ClassLoader(parent) {
         internal fun defineClass(name: String?, b: ByteArray): Class<*> = defineClass(name, b, 0, b.size)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * The instance of [ClassLoader] used by this builder.
+     */
     private val classLoader: ClassLoader =
         ClassLoader(javaClass.classLoader)
 
@@ -35,14 +44,39 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     private val T_CLASS: String = classOfT.name.replace('.', '/')
 
     private val slashesClassName: String = className.replace(oldChar = '.', newChar = '/')
+
+    /**
+     * Index of `this` variable in invoke method of [AsmCompiledExpression] built subclass.
+     */
     private val invokeThisVar: Int = 0
+
+    /**
+     * Index of `arguments` variable in invoke method of [AsmCompiledExpression] built subclass.
+     */
     private val invokeArgumentsVar: Int = 1
+
+    /**
+     * List of constants to provide to [AsmCompiledExpression] subclass.
+     */
     private val constants: MutableList<Any> = mutableListOf()
+
+    /**
+     * Method visitor of `invoke` method of [AsmCompiledExpression] subclass.
+     */
     private lateinit var invokeMethodVisitor: MethodVisitor
+
+    /**
+     * The cache of [AsmCompiledExpression] subclass built by this builder.
+     */
     private var generatedInstance: AsmCompiledExpression<T>? = null
 
+    /**
+     * Subclasses, loads and instantiates the [AsmCompiledExpression] for given parameters.
+     *
+     * The built instance is cached.
+     */
     @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
-    fun getInstance(): AsmCompiledExpression<T> {
+    internal fun getInstance(): AsmCompiledExpression<T> {
         generatedInstance?.let { return it }
 
         val classWriter = ClassWriter(ClassWriter.COMPUTE_FRAMES) {
@@ -181,6 +215,9 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         return new
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Loads a constant from
+     */
     internal fun loadTConstant(value: T) {
         if (classOfT in INLINABLE_NUMBERS) {
             loadNumberConstant(value as Number)
@@ -191,6 +228,9 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         loadConstant(value as Any, T_CLASS)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Loads an object constant [value] stored in [AsmCompiledExpression.constants] and casts it to [type].
+     */
     private fun loadConstant(value: Any, type: String) {
         val idx = if (value in constants) constants.indexOf(value) else constants.apply { add(value) }.lastIndex
 
@@ -205,7 +245,12 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
 
     private fun loadThis(): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.visitLoadObjectVar(invokeThisVar)
 
-    internal fun loadNumberConstant(value: Number) {
+    /**
+     * Either loads a numeric constant [value] from [AsmCompiledExpression.constants] field or boxes a primitive
+     * constant from the constant pool (some numbers with special opcodes like [Opcodes.ICONST_0] aren't even loaded
+     * from it).
+     */
+    private fun loadNumberConstant(value: Number) {
         val clazz = value.javaClass
         val c = clazz.name.replace('.', '/')
         val sigLetter = SIGNATURE_LETTERS[clazz]
@@ -225,6 +270,9 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         loadConstant(value, c)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Loads a variable [name] from [AsmCompiledExpression.invoke] [Map] parameter. The [defaultValue] may be provided.
+     */
     internal fun loadVariable(name: String, defaultValue: T? = null): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.run {
         visitLoadObjectVar(invokeArgumentsVar)
 
@@ -253,6 +301,9 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         invokeMethodVisitor.visitCheckCast(T_CLASS)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Loads algebra from according field of [AsmCompiledExpression] and casts it to class of [algebra] provided.
+     */
     internal fun loadAlgebra() {
         loadThis()
 
@@ -265,20 +316,32 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         invokeMethodVisitor.visitCheckCast(T_ALGEBRA_CLASS)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Writes a method instruction of opcode with its [owner], [method] and its [descriptor]. The default opcode is
+     * [Opcodes.INVOKEINTERFACE], since most Algebra functions are declared in interface. [loadAlgebra] should be
+     * called before the arguments and this operation.
+     *
+     * The result is casted to [T] automatically.
+     */
     internal fun invokeAlgebraOperation(
         owner: String,
         method: String,
         descriptor: String,
-        opcode: Int = Opcodes.INVOKEINTERFACE,
+        opcode: Int = Opcodes.INVOKEINTERFACE
-        isInterface: Boolean = true
     ) {
-        invokeMethodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(opcode, owner, method, descriptor, isInterface)
+        invokeMethodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(opcode, owner, method, descriptor, opcode == Opcodes.INVOKEINTERFACE)
         invokeMethodVisitor.visitCheckCast(T_CLASS)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Writes a LDC Instruction with string constant provided.
+     */
     internal fun loadStringConstant(string: String): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.visitLdcInsn(string)
 
     internal companion object {
+        /**
+         * Maps JVM primitive numbers boxed types to their letters of JVM signature convention.
+         */
         private val SIGNATURE_LETTERS: Map<Class<out Any>, String> by lazy {
             mapOf(
                 java.lang.Byte::class.java to "B",
@@ -290,6 +353,9 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
             )
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Provides boxed number types values of which can be stored in JVM bytecode constant pool.
+         */
         private val INLINABLE_NUMBERS: Set<Class<out Any>> by lazy { SIGNATURE_LETTERS.keys }
 
         internal const val FUNCTIONAL_COMPILED_EXPRESSION_CLASS =

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/AsmCompiledExpression.kt

@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@ package scientifik.kmath.asm.internal
 import scientifik.kmath.expressions.Expression
 import scientifik.kmath.operations.Algebra
 
+/**
+ * [Expression] partial implementation to have it subclassed by actual implementations. Provides unified storage for
+ * objects needed to implement the expression.
+ *
+ * @property algebra the algebra to delegate calls.
+ * @property constants the constants array to have persistent objects to reference in [invoke].
+ */
 internal abstract class AsmCompiledExpression<T> internal constructor(
     @JvmField protected val algebra: Algebra<T>,
     @JvmField protected val constants: Array<Any>

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/buildName.kt

@@ -2,7 +2,13 @@ package scientifik.kmath.asm.internal
 
 import scientifik.kmath.ast.MST
 
-internal fun buildName(mst: MST, collision: Int = 0): String {
+/**
+ * Creates a class name for [AsmCompiledExpression] subclassed to implement [mst] provided.
+ *
+ * This methods helps to avoid collisions of class name to prevent loading several classes with the same name. If there
+ * is a colliding class, change [collision] parameter or leave it `0` to check existing classes recursively.
+ */
+internal tailrec fun buildName(mst: MST, collision: Int = 0): String {
     val name = "scientifik.kmath.asm.generated.AsmCompiledExpression_${mst.hashCode()}_$collision"
 
     try {

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/optimization.kt

@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@ import scientifik.kmath.operations.Algebra
 
 private val methodNameAdapters: Map<String, String> = mapOf("+" to "add", "*" to "multiply", "/" to "divide")
 
+/**
+ * Checks if the target [context] for code generation contains a method with needed [name] and [arity].
+ *
+ * @return `true` if contains, else `false`.
+ */
 internal fun <T> hasSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: String, arity: Int): Boolean {
     val aName = methodNameAdapters[name] ?: name
 
@@ -14,6 +19,12 @@ internal fun <T> hasSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: String, arity: Int): Boo
     return true
 }
 
+/**
+ * Checks if the target [context] for code generation contains a method with needed [name] and [arity] and inserts
+ * [AsmBuilder.invokeAlgebraOperation] of this method.
+ *
+ * @return `true` if contains, else `false`.
+ */
 internal fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.tryInvokeSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: String, arity: Int): Boolean {
     val aName = methodNameAdapters[name] ?: name
 
@@ -33,8 +44,7 @@ internal fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.tryInvokeSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: Stri
         owner = owner,
         method = aName,
         descriptor = sig,
-        opcode = Opcodes.INVOKEVIRTUAL,
+        opcode = Opcodes.INVOKEVIRTUAL
-        isInterface = false
     )
 
     return true