Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/dev' into mp-samplers

kmath-ast/README.md

@@ -1,13 +1,44 @@
-# AST-based expression representation and operations (`kmath-ast`)
+# Abstract syntax tree expression representation and operations (`kmath-ast`)
 
 This subproject implements the following features:
 
 - Expression Language and its parser.
-- MST as expression language's syntax intermediate representation.
+- MST (Mathematical Syntax Tree) as expression language's syntax intermediate representation.
-- Type-safe builder of MST.
+- Type-safe builder for MST.
 - Evaluating expressions by traversing MST.
 
-## Dynamic expression code generation with OW2 ASM
+> #### Artifact:
+> This module is distributed in the artifact `scientifik:kmath-ast:0.1.4-dev-8`.
+> 
+> **Gradle:**
+>
+> ```gradle
+> repositories {
+>     maven { url 'https://dl.bintray.com/mipt-npm/scientifik' }
+>     maven { url 'https://dl.bintray.com/mipt-npm/dev' }
+>     maven { url https://dl.bintray.com/hotkeytlt/maven' }
+> }
+> 
+> dependencies {
+>     implementation 'scientifik:kmath-ast:0.1.4-dev-8'
+> }
+> ```
+> **Gradle Kotlin DSL:**
+>
+> ```kotlin
+> repositories {
+>     maven("https://dl.bintray.com/mipt-npm/scientifik")
+>     maven("https://dl.bintray.com/mipt-npm/dev")
+>     maven("https://dl.bintray.com/hotkeytlt/maven")
+> }
+> 
+> dependencies {
+>     implementation("scientifik:kmath-ast:0.1.4-dev-8")
+> }
+> ```
+>
+
+## Dynamic expression code generation with ObjectWeb ASM
 
 `kmath-ast` JVM module supports runtime code generation to eliminate overhead of tree traversal. Code generator builds 
 a special implementation of `Expression<T>` with implemented `invoke` function. 
@@ -30,15 +61,13 @@ import scientifik.kmath.operations.RealField;
 
 public final class AsmCompiledExpression_1073786867_0 implements Expression<Double> {
     private final RealField algebra;
-    private final Object[] constants;
-
-    public AsmCompiledExpression_1073786867_0(RealField algebra, Object[] constants) {
-        this.algebra = algebra;
-        this.constants = constants;
-    }
 
     public final Double invoke(Map<String, ? extends Double> arguments) {
-        return (Double)this.algebra.add(((Double)MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x", (Object)null)).doubleValue(), 2.0D);
+        return (Double)this.algebra.add(((Double)MapIntrinsics.getOrFail(arguments, "x")).doubleValue(), 2.0D);
+    }
+
+    public AsmCompiledExpression_1073786867_0(RealField algebra) {
+        this.algebra = algebra;
     }
 }
 
@@ -46,7 +75,7 @@ public final class AsmCompiledExpression_1073786867_0 implements Expression<Doub
 
 ### Example Usage
 
-This API is an extension to MST and MstExpression APIs. You may optimize both MST and MSTExpression: 
+This API is an extension to MST and MstExpression, so you may optimize as both of them: 
 
 ```kotlin
 RealField.mstInField { symbol("x") + 2 }.compile()

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/asm.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package scientifik.kmath.asm
 
 import scientifik.kmath.asm.internal.AsmBuilder
+import scientifik.kmath.asm.internal.MstType
 import scientifik.kmath.asm.internal.buildAlgebraOperationCall
 import scientifik.kmath.asm.internal.buildName
 import scientifik.kmath.ast.MST
@@ -17,28 +18,20 @@ fun <T : Any> MST.compileWith(type: KClass<T>, algebra: Algebra<T>): Expression<
     fun AsmBuilder<T>.visit(node: MST) {
         when (node) {
             is MST.Symbolic -> loadVariable(node.value)
-
+            is MST.Numeric -> loadNumeric(node.value)
-            is MST.Numeric -> {
-                val constant = if (algebra is NumericAlgebra<T>)
-                    algebra.number(node.value)
-                else
-                    error("Number literals are not supported in $algebra")
-
-                loadTConstant(constant)
-            }
 
             is MST.Unary -> buildAlgebraOperationCall(
                 context = algebra,
                 name = node.operation,
                 fallbackMethodName = "unaryOperation",
-                arity = 1
+                parameterTypes = arrayOf(MstType.fromMst(node.value))
             ) { visit(node.value) }
 
             is MST.Binary -> buildAlgebraOperationCall(
                 context = algebra,
                 name = node.operation,
                 fallbackMethodName = "binaryOperation",
-                arity = 2
+                parameterTypes = arrayOf(MstType.fromMst(node.left), MstType.fromMst(node.right))
             ) {
                 visit(node.left)
                 visit(node.right)

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/AsmBuilder.kt

@@ -7,17 +7,19 @@ import scientifik.kmath.asm.internal.AsmBuilder.ClassLoader
 import scientifik.kmath.ast.MST
 import scientifik.kmath.expressions.Expression
 import scientifik.kmath.operations.Algebra
+import scientifik.kmath.operations.NumericAlgebra
 import java.util.*
+import java.util.stream.Collectors
 import kotlin.reflect.KClass
 
 /**
  * ASM Builder is a structure that abstracts building a class designated to unwrap [MST] to plain Java expression.
  * This class uses [ClassLoader] for loading the generated class, then it is able to instantiate the new class.
  *
- * @param T the type of AsmExpression to unwrap.
+ * @property T the type of AsmExpression to unwrap.
- * @param algebra the algebra the applied AsmExpressions use.
+ * @property algebra the algebra the applied AsmExpressions use.
- * @param className the unique class name of new loaded class.
+ * @property className the unique class name of new loaded class.
- * @param invokeLabel0Visitor the function to apply to this object when generating invoke method, label 0.
+ * @property invokeLabel0Visitor the function to apply to this object when generating invoke method, label 0.
  */
 internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     private val classOfT: KClass<*>,
@@ -38,17 +40,17 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     private val classLoader: ClassLoader = ClassLoader(javaClass.classLoader)
 
     /**
-     * ASM Type for [algebra]
+     * ASM Type for [algebra].
      */
     private val tAlgebraType: Type = algebra::class.asm
 
     /**
-     * ASM type for [T]
+     * ASM type for [T].
      */
     internal val tType: Type = classOfT.asm
 
     /**
-     * ASM type for new class
+     * ASM type for new class.
      */
     private val classType: Type = Type.getObjectType(className.replace(oldChar = '.', newChar = '/'))!!
 
@@ -72,6 +74,11 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
      */
     private lateinit var invokeMethodVisitor: InstructionAdapter
 
+    /**
+     * State if this [AsmBuilder] needs to generate constants field.
+     */
+    private var hasConstants: Boolean = true
+
     /**
      * State if [T] a primitive type, so [AsmBuilder] may generate direct primitive calls.
      */
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     /**
      * Stack of useful objects types on stack expected by algebra calls.
      */
-    internal val expectationStack: ArrayDeque<Type> = ArrayDeque<Type>().apply { push(tType) }
+    internal val expectationStack: ArrayDeque<Type> = ArrayDeque(listOf(tType))
 
     /**
      * The cache for instance built by this builder.
@@ -108,7 +115,7 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
      * The built instance is cached.
      */
     @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
-    fun getInstance(): Expression<T> {
+    internal fun getInstance(): Expression<T> {
         generatedInstance?.let { return it }
 
         if (SIGNATURE_LETTERS.containsKey(classOfT)) {
@@ -127,64 +134,6 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
                 arrayOf(EXPRESSION_TYPE.internalName)
             )
 
-            visitField(
-                access = ACC_PRIVATE or ACC_FINAL,
-                name = "algebra",
-                descriptor = tAlgebraType.descriptor,
-                signature = null,
-                value = null,
-                block = FieldVisitor::visitEnd
-            )
-
-            visitField(
-                access = ACC_PRIVATE or ACC_FINAL,
-                name = "constants",
-                descriptor = OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor,
-                signature = null,
-                value = null,
-                block = FieldVisitor::visitEnd
-            )
-
-            visitMethod(
-                ACC_PUBLIC,
-                "<init>",
-                Type.getMethodDescriptor(Type.VOID_TYPE, tAlgebraType, OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE),
-                null,
-                null
-            ).instructionAdapter {
-                val thisVar = 0
-                val algebraVar = 1
-                val constantsVar = 2
-                val l0 = label()
-                load(thisVar, classType)
-                invokespecial(OBJECT_TYPE.internalName, "<init>", Type.getMethodDescriptor(Type.VOID_TYPE), false)
-                label()
-                load(thisVar, classType)
-                load(algebraVar, tAlgebraType)
-                putfield(classType.internalName, "algebra", tAlgebraType.descriptor)
-                label()
-                load(thisVar, classType)
-                load(constantsVar, OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE)
-                putfield(classType.internalName, "constants", OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor)
-                label()
-                visitInsn(RETURN)
-                val l4 = label()
-                visitLocalVariable("this", classType.descriptor, null, l0, l4, thisVar)
-
-                visitLocalVariable(
-                    "algebra",
-                    tAlgebraType.descriptor,
-                    null,
-                    l0,
-                    l4,
-                    algebraVar
-                )
-
-                visitLocalVariable("constants", OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor, null, l0, l4, constantsVar)
-                visitMaxs(0, 3)
-                visitEnd()
-            }
-
             visitMethod(
                 ACC_PUBLIC or ACC_FINAL,
                 "invoke",
@@ -251,6 +200,78 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
                 visitEnd()
             }
 
+            hasConstants = constants.isNotEmpty()
+
+            visitField(
+                access = ACC_PRIVATE or ACC_FINAL,
+                name = "algebra",
+                descriptor = tAlgebraType.descriptor,
+                signature = null,
+                value = null,
+                block = FieldVisitor::visitEnd
+            )
+
+            if (hasConstants)
+                visitField(
+                    access = ACC_PRIVATE or ACC_FINAL,
+                    name = "constants",
+                    descriptor = OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor,
+                    signature = null,
+                    value = null,
+                    block = FieldVisitor::visitEnd
+                )
+
+            visitMethod(
+                ACC_PUBLIC,
+                "<init>",
+
+                Type.getMethodDescriptor(
+                    Type.VOID_TYPE,
+                    tAlgebraType,
+                    *OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.wrapToArrayIf { hasConstants }),
+
+                null,
+                null
+            ).instructionAdapter {
+                val thisVar = 0
+                val algebraVar = 1
+                val constantsVar = 2
+                val l0 = label()
+                load(thisVar, classType)
+                invokespecial(OBJECT_TYPE.internalName, "<init>", Type.getMethodDescriptor(Type.VOID_TYPE), false)
+                label()
+                load(thisVar, classType)
+                load(algebraVar, tAlgebraType)
+                putfield(classType.internalName, "algebra", tAlgebraType.descriptor)
+
+                if (hasConstants) {
+                    label()
+                    load(thisVar, classType)
+                    load(constantsVar, OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE)
+                    putfield(classType.internalName, "constants", OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor)
+                }
+
+                label()
+                visitInsn(RETURN)
+                val l4 = label()
+                visitLocalVariable("this", classType.descriptor, null, l0, l4, thisVar)
+
+                visitLocalVariable(
+                    "algebra",
+                    tAlgebraType.descriptor,
+                    null,
+                    l0,
+                    l4,
+                    algebraVar
+                )
+
+                if (hasConstants)
+                    visitLocalVariable("constants", OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor, null, l0, l4, constantsVar)
+
+                visitMaxs(0, 3)
+                visitEnd()
+            }
+
             visitEnd()
         }
 
@@ -258,7 +279,7 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
             .defineClass(className, classWriter.toByteArray())
             .constructors
             .first()
-            .newInstance(algebra, constants.toTypedArray()) as Expression<T>
+            .newInstance(algebra, *(constants.toTypedArray().wrapToArrayIf { hasConstants })) as Expression<T>
 
         generatedInstance = new
         return new
@@ -267,42 +288,50 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
     /**
      * Loads a [T] constant from [constants].
      */
-    internal fun loadTConstant(value: T) {
+    private fun loadTConstant(value: T) {
         if (classOfT in INLINABLE_NUMBERS) {
             val expectedType = expectationStack.pop()
             val mustBeBoxed = expectedType.sort == Type.OBJECT
             loadNumberConstant(value as Number, mustBeBoxed)
+
+            if (mustBeBoxed)
+                invokeMethodVisitor.checkcast(tType)
+
             if (mustBeBoxed) typeStack.push(tType) else typeStack.push(primitiveMask)
             return
         }
 
-        loadConstant(value as Any, tType)
+        loadObjectConstant(value as Any, tType)
     }
 
     /**
      * Boxes the current value and pushes it.
      */
-    private fun box(): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.invokestatic(
+    private fun box(primitive: Type) {
-        tType.internalName,
+        val r = PRIMITIVES_TO_BOXED.getValue(primitive)
-        "valueOf",
+
-        Type.getMethodDescriptor(tType, primitiveMask),
+        invokeMethodVisitor.invokestatic(
-        false
+            r.internalName,
-    )
+            "valueOf",
+            Type.getMethodDescriptor(r, primitive),
+            false
+        )
+    }
 
     /**
      * Unboxes the current boxed value and pushes it.
      */
-    private fun unbox(): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.invokevirtual(
+    private fun unboxTo(primitive: Type) = invokeMethodVisitor.invokevirtual(
         NUMBER_TYPE.internalName,
-        NUMBER_CONVERTER_METHODS.getValue(primitiveMask),
+        NUMBER_CONVERTER_METHODS.getValue(primitive),
-        Type.getMethodDescriptor(primitiveMask),
+        Type.getMethodDescriptor(primitive),
         false
     )
 
     /**
      * Loads [java.lang.Object] constant from constants.
      */
-    private fun loadConstant(value: Any, type: Type): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.run {
+    private fun loadObjectConstant(value: Any, type: Type): Unit = invokeMethodVisitor.run {
         val idx = if (value in constants) constants.indexOf(value) else constants.apply { add(value) }.lastIndex
         loadThis()
         getfield(classType.internalName, "constants", OBJECT_ARRAY_TYPE.descriptor)
@@ -311,6 +340,15 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         checkcast(type)
     }
 
+    fun loadNumeric(value: Number) {
+        if (expectationStack.peek() == NUMBER_TYPE) {
+            loadNumberConstant(value, true)
+            expectationStack.pop()
+            typeStack.push(NUMBER_TYPE)
+        } else (algebra as? NumericAlgebra<T>)?.number(value)?.let { loadTConstant(it) }
+            ?: error("Cannot resolve numeric $value since target algebra is not numeric, and the current operation doesn't accept numbers.")
+    }
+
     /**
      * Loads this variable.
      */
@@ -335,18 +373,16 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
                 Type.SHORT_TYPE -> invokeMethodVisitor.iconst(value.toInt())
             }
 
-            if (mustBeBoxed) {
+            if (mustBeBoxed)
-                box()
+                box(primitive)
-                invokeMethodVisitor.checkcast(tType)
-            }
 
             return
         }
 
-        loadConstant(value, boxed)
+        loadObjectConstant(value, boxed)
 
-        if (!mustBeBoxed) unbox()
+        if (!mustBeBoxed)
-        else invokeMethodVisitor.checkcast(tType)
+            unboxTo(primitiveMask)
     }
 
     /**
@@ -359,24 +395,26 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
 
         if (defaultValue != null)
             loadTConstant(defaultValue)
-        else
-            aconst(null)
 
         invokestatic(
             MAP_INTRINSICS_TYPE.internalName,
             "getOrFail",
-            Type.getMethodDescriptor(OBJECT_TYPE, MAP_TYPE, OBJECT_TYPE, OBJECT_TYPE),
+
+            Type.getMethodDescriptor(
+                OBJECT_TYPE,
+                MAP_TYPE,
+                OBJECT_TYPE,
+                *OBJECT_TYPE.wrapToArrayIf { defaultValue != null }),
             false
         )
 
         checkcast(tType)
-
         val expectedType = expectationStack.pop()
 
         if (expectedType.sort == Type.OBJECT)
             typeStack.push(tType)
         else {
-            unbox()
+            unboxTo(primitiveMask)
             typeStack.push(primitiveMask)
         }
     }
@@ -425,7 +463,7 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
         if (expectedType.sort == Type.OBJECT || isLastExpr)
             typeStack.push(tType)
         else {
-            unbox()
+            unboxTo(primitiveMask)
             typeStack.push(primitiveMask)
         }
     }
@@ -455,6 +493,18 @@ internal class AsmBuilder<T> internal constructor(
          */
         private val BOXED_TO_PRIMITIVES: Map<Type, Type> by lazy { SIGNATURE_LETTERS.mapKeys { (k, _) -> k.asm } }
 
+        /**
+         * Maps JVM primitive numbers boxed ASM types to their primitive ASM types.
+         */
+        private val PRIMITIVES_TO_BOXED: Map<Type, Type> by lazy {
+            BOXED_TO_PRIMITIVES.entries.stream().collect(
+                Collectors.toMap(
+                    Map.Entry<Type, Type>::value,
+                    Map.Entry<Type, Type>::key
+                )
+            )
+        }
+
         /**
          * Maps primitive ASM types to [Number] functions unboxing them.
          */

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/MstType.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package scientifik.kmath.asm.internal
+
+import scientifik.kmath.ast.MST
+
+internal enum class MstType {
+    GENERAL,
+    NUMBER;
+
+    companion object {
+        fun fromMst(mst: MST): MstType {
+            if (mst is MST.Numeric)
+                return NUMBER
+
+            return GENERAL
+        }
+    }
+}

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/codegenUtils.kt

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import org.objectweb.asm.commons.InstructionAdapter
 import scientifik.kmath.ast.MST
 import scientifik.kmath.expressions.Expression
 import scientifik.kmath.operations.Algebra
+import java.lang.reflect.Method
 import kotlin.reflect.KClass
 
 private val methodNameAdapters: Map<Pair<String, Int>, String> by lazy {
@@ -22,6 +23,12 @@ private val methodNameAdapters: Map<Pair<String, Int>, String> by lazy {
 internal val KClass<*>.asm: Type
     get() = Type.getType(java)
 
+/**
+ * Returns singleton array with this value if the [predicate] is true, returns empty array otherwise.
+ */
+internal inline fun <reified T> T.wrapToArrayIf(predicate: (T) -> Boolean): Array<T> =
+    if (predicate(this)) arrayOf(this) else emptyArray()
+
 /**
  * Creates an [InstructionAdapter] from this [MethodVisitor].
  */
@@ -36,11 +43,7 @@ internal fun MethodVisitor.instructionAdapter(block: InstructionAdapter.() -> Un
 /**
  * Constructs a [Label], then applies it to this visitor.
  */
-internal fun MethodVisitor.label(): Label {
+internal fun MethodVisitor.label(): Label = Label().also { visitLabel(it) }
-    val l = Label()
-    visitLabel(l)
-    return l
-}
 
 /**
  * Creates a class name for [Expression] subclassed to implement [mst] provided.
@@ -73,44 +76,71 @@ internal inline fun ClassWriter.visitField(
     block: FieldVisitor.() -> Unit
 ): FieldVisitor = visitField(access, name, descriptor, signature, value).apply(block)
 
+private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.findSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: String, parameterTypes: Array<MstType>): Method? =
+    context.javaClass.methods.find { method ->
+        val nameValid = method.name == name
+        val arityValid = method.parameters.size == parameterTypes.size
+        val notBridgeInPrimitive = !(primitiveMode && method.isBridge)
+
+        val paramsValid = method.parameterTypes.zip(parameterTypes).all { (type, mstType) ->
+            !(mstType != MstType.NUMBER && type == java.lang.Number::class.java)
+        }
+
+        nameValid && arityValid && notBridgeInPrimitive && paramsValid
+    }
+
 /**
- * Checks if the target [context] for code generation contains a method with needed [name] and [arity], also builds
+ * Checks if the target [context] for code generation contains a method with needed [name] and arity, also builds
  * type expectation stack for needed arity.
  *
  * @return `true` if contains, else `false`.
  */
-private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.buildExpectationStack(context: Algebra<T>, name: String, arity: Int): Boolean {
+private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.buildExpectationStack(
-    val theName = methodNameAdapters[name to arity] ?: name
+    context: Algebra<T>,
-    val hasSpecific = context.javaClass.methods.find { it.name == theName && it.parameters.size == arity } != null
+    name: String,
-    val t = if (primitiveMode && hasSpecific) primitiveMask else tType
+    parameterTypes: Array<MstType>
-    repeat(arity) { expectationStack.push(t) }
+): Boolean {
-    return hasSpecific
+    val arity = parameterTypes.size
+    val specific = findSpecific(context, methodNameAdapters[name to arity] ?: name, parameterTypes)
+
+    if (specific != null)
+        mapTypes(specific, parameterTypes).reversed().forEach { expectationStack.push(it) }
+    else
+        repeat(arity) { expectationStack.push(tType) }
+
+    return specific != null
 }
 
+private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.mapTypes(method: Method, parameterTypes: Array<MstType>): List<Type> = method
+    .parameterTypes
+    .zip(parameterTypes)
+    .map { (type, mstType) ->
+        when {
+            type == java.lang.Number::class.java && mstType == MstType.NUMBER -> AsmBuilder.NUMBER_TYPE
+            else -> if (primitiveMode) primitiveMask else primitiveMaskBoxed
+        }
+    }
+
 /**
- * Checks if the target [context] for code generation contains a method with needed [name] and [arity] and inserts
+ * Checks if the target [context] for code generation contains a method with needed [name] and arity and inserts
  * [AsmBuilder.invokeAlgebraOperation] of this method.
  *
  * @return `true` if contains, else `false`.
  */
-private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.tryInvokeSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: String, arity: Int): Boolean {
+private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.tryInvokeSpecific(
+    context: Algebra<T>,
+    name: String,
+    parameterTypes: Array<MstType>
+): Boolean {
+    val arity = parameterTypes.size
     val theName = methodNameAdapters[name to arity] ?: name
-
+    val spec = findSpecific(context, theName, parameterTypes) ?: return false
-    context.javaClass.methods.find {
-        var suitableSignature = it.name == theName && it.parameters.size == arity
-
-        if (primitiveMode && it.isBridge)
-            suitableSignature = false
-
-        suitableSignature
-    } ?: return false
-
     val owner = context::class.asm
 
     invokeAlgebraOperation(
         owner = owner.internalName,
         method = theName,
-        descriptor = Type.getMethodDescriptor(primitiveMaskBoxed, *Array(arity) { primitiveMask }),
+        descriptor = Type.getMethodDescriptor(primitiveMaskBoxed, *mapTypes(spec, parameterTypes).toTypedArray()),
         expectedArity = arity,
         opcode = INVOKEVIRTUAL
     )
@@ -121,18 +151,19 @@ private fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.tryInvokeSpecific(context: Algebra<T>, name: Strin
 /**
  * Builds specialized algebra call with option to fallback to generic algebra operation accepting String.
  */
-internal fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.buildAlgebraOperationCall(
+internal inline fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.buildAlgebraOperationCall(
     context: Algebra<T>,
     name: String,
     fallbackMethodName: String,
-    arity: Int,
+    parameterTypes: Array<MstType>,
     parameters: AsmBuilder<T>.() -> Unit
 ) {
+    val arity = parameterTypes.size
     loadAlgebra()
-    if (!buildExpectationStack(context, name, arity)) loadStringConstant(name)
+    if (!buildExpectationStack(context, name, parameterTypes)) loadStringConstant(name)
     parameters()
 
-    if (!tryInvokeSpecific(context, name, arity)) invokeAlgebraOperation(
+    if (!tryInvokeSpecific(context, name, parameterTypes)) invokeAlgebraOperation(
         owner = AsmBuilder.ALGEBRA_TYPE.internalName,
         method = fallbackMethodName,
 
@@ -145,4 +176,3 @@ internal fun <T> AsmBuilder<T>.buildAlgebraOperationCall(
         expectedArity = arity
     )
 }
-

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/instructionAdapters.kt

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package scientifik.kmath.asm.internal
-
-import org.objectweb.asm.Label
-import org.objectweb.asm.commons.InstructionAdapter
-
-internal fun InstructionAdapter.label(): Label {
-    val l = Label()
-    visitLabel(l)
-    return l
-}

kmath-ast/src/jvmMain/kotlin/scientifik/kmath/asm/internal/mapIntrinsics.kt

@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 package scientifik.kmath.asm.internal
 
-internal fun <K, V> Map<K, V>.getOrFail(key: K, default: V?): V {
+@JvmOverloads
-    return this[key] ?: default ?: error("Parameter not found: $key")
+internal fun <K, V> Map<K, V>.getOrFail(key: K, default: V? = null): V =
-}
+    this[key] ?: default ?: error("Parameter not found: $key")

kmath-ast/src/jvmTest/kotlin/scietifik/kmath/asm/TestAsmSpecialization.kt

@@ -43,4 +43,13 @@ internal class TestAsmSpecialization {
         val expr = RealField.mstInField { binaryOperation("/", symbol("x"), symbol("x")) }.compile()
         assertEquals(1.0, expr("x" to 2.0))
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testPower() {
+        val expr = RealField
+            .mstInField { binaryOperation("power", symbol("x"), number(2)) }
+            .compile()
+
+        assertEquals(4.0, expr("x" to 2.0))
+    }
 }

kmath-ast/src/jvmTest/kotlin/scietifik/kmath/ast/AsmTest.kt

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 internal class AsmTest {
     @Test
     fun `compile MST`() {
-        val mst = "2+2*(2+2)".parseMath()
+        val res = ComplexField.expression("2+2*(2+2)".parseMath())()
-        val res = ComplexField.expression(mst)()
         assertEquals(Complex(10.0, 0.0), res)
     }