diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index ee7190af..8ab4eac7 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 ### Added
 
 ### Changed
+- Kotlin 1.9
 
 ### Deprecated
 
diff --git a/dataforge-io/build.gradle.kts b/dataforge-io/build.gradle.kts
index 9f2030c7..b4ad8ade 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/dataforge-io/build.gradle.kts
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-import space.kscience.gradle.KScienceVersions
-
 plugins {
     id("space.kscience.gradle.mpp")
 }
 
 description = "IO module"
 
+val ioVersion = "0.2.0"
+
 kscience {
     jvm()
     js()
@@ -15,11 +15,13 @@ kscience {
         cbor()
     }
     dependencies {
-        api(project(":dataforge-context"))
-        api("io.ktor:ktor-io:${KScienceVersions.ktorVersion}")
+        api(projects.dataforgeContext)
+        api("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-io-core:$ioVersion")
+        api("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-io-bytestring:$ioVersion")
+        //api("io.ktor:ktor-io:${KScienceVersions.ktorVersion}")
     }
 }
 
-readme {
-    maturity = space.kscience.gradle.Maturity.PROTOTYPE
+readme{
+    maturity = space.kscience.gradle.Maturity.EXPERIMENTAL
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat.kt
index 046f08fa..736f3306 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat.kt
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io.yaml
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.ByteString
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.encodeToByteString
+import kotlinx.io.readByteString
+import kotlinx.io.writeString
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.*
@@ -19,18 +23,18 @@ public class FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat(
         var offset = 0
 
         offset += discardWithSeparator(
-            SEPARATOR.encodeToByteArray(),
+            SEPARATOR,
             atMost = 1024,
         )
 
         val line = ByteArray {
-            offset += readWithSeparatorTo(this, "\n".encodeToByteArray())
+            offset += readWithSeparatorTo(this, "\n".encodeToByteString())
         }.decodeToString()
 
         val readMetaFormat = line.trim().takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }?.let { io.resolveMetaFormat(it) } ?: YamlMetaFormat
 
         val packet = ByteArray {
-            offset += readWithSeparatorTo(this, SEPARATOR.encodeToByteArray())
+            offset += readWithSeparatorTo(this, SEPARATOR)
         }
 
         offset += discardLine()
@@ -39,25 +43,25 @@ public class FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat(
         Envelope(meta, binary.view(offset))
     }
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): Envelope = readObject(input.readBinary())
+    override fun readObject(source: Source): Envelope = readObject(source.readBinary())
 
     override fun writeObject(
-        output: Output,
+        sink: Sink,
         obj: Envelope,
     ) {
         val metaFormat = metaFormatFactory.build(io.context, meta)
         val formatSuffix = if (metaFormat is YamlMetaFormat) "" else metaFormatFactory.shortName
-        output.writeRawString("$SEPARATOR${formatSuffix}\r\n")
-        metaFormat.run { metaFormat.writeObject(output, obj.meta) }
-        output.writeRawString("$SEPARATOR\r\n")
+        sink.writeString("$SEPARATOR${formatSuffix}\r\n")
+        metaFormat.run { metaFormat.writeObject(sink, obj.meta) }
+        sink.writeString("$SEPARATOR\r\n")
         //Printing data
         obj.data?.let { data ->
-            output.writeBinary(data)
+            sink.writeBinary(data)
         }
     }
 
     public companion object : EnvelopeFormatFactory {
-        public const val SEPARATOR: String = "---"
+        public val SEPARATOR: ByteString = "---".encodeToByteString()
 
         private val metaTypeRegex = "---(\\w*)\\s*".toRegex()
 
@@ -69,8 +73,8 @@ public class FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat(
 
         override fun peekFormat(io: IOPlugin, binary: Binary): EnvelopeFormat? = binary.read {
             //read raw string to avoid UTF issues
-            val line = readRawString(3)
-            return@read if (line == "---") {
+            val line = readByteString(3)
+            return@read if (line == "---".encodeToByteString()) {
                 default
             } else {
                 null
@@ -82,12 +86,12 @@ public class FrontMatterEnvelopeFormat(
         override fun readObject(binary: Binary): Envelope = default.readObject(binary)
 
         override fun writeObject(
-            output: Output,
+            sink: Sink,
             obj: Envelope,
-        ): Unit = default.writeObject(output, obj)
+        ): Unit = default.writeObject(sink, obj)
 
 
-        override fun readObject(input: Input): Envelope = default.readObject(input)
+        override fun readObject(source: Source): Envelope = default.readObject(source)
 
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/YamlMetaFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/YamlMetaFormat.kt
index 51c143a6..589b7e66 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/YamlMetaFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/dataforge-io-yaml/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/yaml/YamlMetaFormat.kt
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io.yaml
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.readString
+import kotlinx.io.writeString
 import net.mamoe.yamlkt.*
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.MetaFormat
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.MetaFormatFactory
-import space.kscience.dataforge.io.readUtf8String
-import space.kscience.dataforge.io.writeUtf8String
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.*
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.descriptors.MetaDescriptor
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.descriptors.get
@@ -89,14 +89,14 @@ public fun YamlMap.toMeta(): Meta = YamlMeta(this)
  */
 public class YamlMetaFormat(private val meta: Meta) : MetaFormat {
 
-    override fun writeMeta(output: Output, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?) {
+    override fun writeMeta(sink: Sink, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?) {
         val yaml: YamlMap = meta.toYaml()
         val string = Yaml.encodeToString(YamlMap.serializer(), yaml)
-        output.writeUtf8String(string)
+        sink.writeString(string)
     }
 
-    override fun readMeta(input: Input, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta {
-        val yaml = Yaml.decodeYamlMapFromString(input.readUtf8String())
+    override fun readMeta(source: Source, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta {
+        val yaml = Yaml.decodeYamlMapFromString(source.readString())
         return yaml.toMeta()
     }
 
@@ -109,10 +109,10 @@ public class YamlMetaFormat(private val meta: Meta) : MetaFormat {
 
         private val default = YamlMetaFormat(Meta.EMPTY)
 
-        override fun writeMeta(output: Output, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Unit =
-            default.writeMeta(output, meta, descriptor)
+        override fun writeMeta(sink: Sink, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Unit =
+            default.writeMeta(sink, meta, descriptor)
 
-        override fun readMeta(input: Input, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta =
-            default.readMeta(input, descriptor)
+        override fun readMeta(source: Source, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta =
+            default.readMeta(source, descriptor)
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/Binary.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/Binary.kt
index bcc20064..f85dd98e 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/Binary.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/Binary.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.*
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.buffered
+import kotlinx.io.readByteArray
 import kotlin.math.min
 
 /**
@@ -17,13 +20,13 @@ public interface Binary {
      * Read maximum of [atMost] bytes as input from the binary, starting at [offset]. The generated input is always closed
      * when leaving scope, so it could not be leaked outside of scope of [block].
      */
-    public fun <R> read(offset: Int = 0, atMost: Int = size - offset, block: Input.() -> R): R
+    public fun <R> read(offset: Int = 0, atMost: Int = size - offset, block: Source.() -> R): R
 
-    public suspend fun <R> readSuspend(offset: Int = 0, atMost: Int = size - offset, block: suspend Input.() -> R): R
+    public suspend fun <R> readSuspend(offset: Int = 0, atMost: Int = size - offset, block: suspend Source.() -> R): R
 
     /**
      * Read a binary with given [offset] relative to this binary and given [binarySize].
-     * In general, resulting binary is of the same type as this one, but it is not guaranteed.
+     * In general, the resulting binary is of the same type as this one, but it is not guaranteed.
      */
     public fun view(offset: Int, binarySize: Int = size - offset): Binary
 
@@ -38,25 +41,27 @@ internal class ByteArrayBinary(
     override val size: Int = array.size - start,
 ) : Binary {
 
-    override fun <R> read(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: Input.() -> R): R {
+    override fun <R> read(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: Source.() -> R): R {
         require(offset >= 0) { "Offset must be positive" }
         require(offset < array.size) { "Offset $offset is larger than array size" }
-        val input = ByteReadPacket(
+
+        return ByteArraySource(
             array,
             offset + start,
             min(atMost, size - offset)
-        )
-        return input.use(block)
+        ).buffered().use(block)
     }
 
-    override suspend fun <R> readSuspend(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: suspend Input.() -> R): R {
+    override suspend fun <R> readSuspend(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: suspend Source.() -> R): R {
         require(offset >= 0) { "Offset must be positive" }
         require(offset < array.size) { "Offset $offset is larger than array size" }
-        val input = ByteReadPacket(
+
+        val input = ByteArraySource(
             array,
             offset + start,
             min(atMost, size - offset)
-        )
+        ).buffered()
+
         return try {
             block(input)
         } finally {
@@ -77,26 +82,26 @@ public fun Binary.toByteArray(): ByteArray = if (this is ByteArrayBinary) {
     array.copyOfRange(start, start + size) // TODO do we need to ensure data safety here?
 } else {
     read {
-        readBytes()
+        readByteArray()
     }
 }
 
 //TODO optimize for file-based Inputs
-public fun Input.readBinary(size: Int? = null): Binary {
-    val array = if (size == null) readBytes() else readBytes(size)
+public fun Source.readBinary(size: Int? = null): Binary {
+    val array = if (size == null) readByteArray() else readByteArray(size)
     return ByteArrayBinary(array)
 }
 
 /**
  * Direct write of binary to the output. Returns the number of bytes written
  */
-public fun Output.writeBinary(binary: Binary): Int {
+public fun Sink.writeBinary(binary: Binary): Int {
     return if (binary is ByteArrayBinary) {
-        writeFully(binary.array, binary.start, binary.start + binary.size)
+        write(binary.array, binary.start, binary.start + binary.size)
         binary.size
     } else {
         binary.read {
-            copyTo(this@writeBinary).toInt()
+            transferTo(this@writeBinary).toInt()
         }
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeBuilder.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeBuilder.kt
index eedd2075..e38df146 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeBuilder.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeBuilder.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.*
 
 public class EnvelopeBuilder : Envelope {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public class EnvelopeBuilder : Envelope {
     /**
      * Construct a data binary from given builder
      */
-    public inline fun data(block: Output.() -> Unit) {
+    public inline fun data(block: Sink.() -> Unit) {
         data = ByteArray { block() }.asBinary()
     }
 
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormat.kt
index 28b59abb..d748d9f8 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormat.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
+import kotlinx.io.Source
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.EnvelopeFormatFactory.Companion.ENVELOPE_FORMAT_TYPE
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.Meta
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public interface EnvelopeFormat : IOFormat<Envelope> {
     override val type: KType get() = typeOf<Envelope>()
 }
 
-public fun EnvelopeFormat.read(input: Input): Envelope = readObject(input)
+public fun EnvelopeFormat.read(input: Source): Envelope = readObject(input)
 
 @Type(ENVELOPE_FORMAT_TYPE)
 public interface EnvelopeFormatFactory : IOFormatFactory<Envelope>, EnvelopeFormat {
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeParts.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeParts.kt
index 248ecf19..183e7b03 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeParts.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeParts.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.ByteString
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.decodeToString
+import kotlinx.io.write
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.Envelope.Companion.ENVELOPE_NODE_KEY
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.PartDescriptor.Companion.DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.PartDescriptor.Companion.MULTIPART_DATA_TYPE
@@ -20,7 +23,7 @@ private class PartDescriptor : Scheme() {
         val PARTS_KEY = MULTIPART_KEY + "parts"
         val SEPARATOR_KEY = MULTIPART_KEY + "separator"
 
-        const val DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR = "\r\n#~PART~#\r\n"
+        val DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR = "\r\n#~PART~#\r\n".toAsciiByteString()
 
         const val MULTIPART_DATA_TYPE = "envelope.multipart"
     }
@@ -32,12 +35,12 @@ public typealias EnvelopeParts = List<EnvelopePart>
 
 public fun EnvelopeBuilder.multipart(
     parts: EnvelopeParts,
-    separator: String = DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR,
+    separator: ByteString = DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR,
 ) {
     dataType = MULTIPART_DATA_TYPE
 
     var offsetCounter = 0
-    val separatorSize = separator.length
+    val separatorSize = separator.size
     val partDescriptors = parts.map { (binary, description) ->
         offsetCounter += separatorSize
         PartDescriptor {
@@ -51,14 +54,14 @@ public fun EnvelopeBuilder.multipart(
 
     meta {
         if (separator != DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR) {
-            SEPARATOR_KEY put separator
+            SEPARATOR_KEY put separator.decodeToString()
         }
         setIndexed(PARTS_KEY, partDescriptors.map { it.toMeta() })
     }
 
     data {
         parts.forEach {
-            writeRawString(separator)
+            write(separator)
             writeBinary(it.binary)
         }
     }
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ public fun EnvelopeBuilder.multipart(
  */
 public fun EnvelopeBuilder.envelopes(
     envelopes: List<Envelope>,
-    separator: String = DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR,
+    separator: ByteString = DEFAULT_MULTIPART_DATA_SEPARATOR,
 ) {
     val parts = envelopes.map {
         val binary = Binary(it, TaggedEnvelopeFormat)
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOFormat.kt
index 12ea587b..d0d00a9a 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOFormat.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.*
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.readByteArray
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Factory
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.IOFormatFactory.Companion.IO_FORMAT_TYPE
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ public interface IOReader<out T> {
      */
     public val type: KType
 
-    public fun readObject(input: Input): T
+    public fun readObject(source: Source): T
 
     public fun readObject(binary: Binary): T = binary.read { readObject(this) }
 
@@ -32,21 +34,21 @@ public interface IOReader<out T> {
         public val binary: IOReader<Binary> = object : IOReader<Binary> {
             override val type: KType = typeOf<Binary>()
 
-            override fun readObject(input: Input): Binary = input.readBytes().asBinary()
+            override fun readObject(source: Source): Binary = source.readByteArray().asBinary()
 
             override fun readObject(binary: Binary): Binary = binary
         }
     }
 }
 
-public inline fun <reified T> IOReader(crossinline read: Input.() -> T): IOReader<T> = object : IOReader<T> {
+public inline fun <reified T> IOReader(crossinline read: Source.() -> T): IOReader<T> = object : IOReader<T> {
     override val type: KType = typeOf<T>()
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): T = input.read()
+    override fun readObject(source: Source): T = source.read()
 }
 
 public fun interface IOWriter<in T> {
-    public fun writeObject(output: Output, obj: T)
+    public fun writeObject(sink: Sink, obj: T)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -54,20 +56,20 @@ public fun interface IOWriter<in T> {
  */
 public interface IOFormat<T> : IOReader<T>, IOWriter<T>
 
-public fun <T : Any> Input.readObject(format: IOReader<T>): T = format.readObject(this@readObject)
+public fun <T : Any> Source.readObject(format: IOReader<T>): T = format.readObject(this@readObject)
 
 public fun <T : Any> IOFormat<T>.readObjectFrom(binary: Binary): T = binary.read {
     readObject(this)
 }
 
 /**
- * Read given binary as object using given format
+ * Read given binary as an object using given format
  */
 public fun <T : Any> Binary.readWith(format: IOReader<T>): T = read {
     readObject(format)
 }
 
-public fun <T : Any> Output.writeObject(format: IOWriter<T>, obj: T): Unit =
+public fun <T : Any> Sink.writeObject(format: IOWriter<T>, obj: T): Unit =
     format.writeObject(this@writeObject, obj)
 
 
@@ -94,9 +96,9 @@ public object DoubleIOFormat : IOFormat<Double>, IOFormatFactory<Double> {
 
     override val type: KType get() = typeOf<Double>()
 
-    override fun writeObject(output: Output, obj: Double) {
-        output.writeDouble(obj)
+    override fun writeObject(sink: Sink, obj: Double) {
+        sink.writeLong(obj.toBits())
     }
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): Double = input.readDouble()
+    override fun readObject(source: Source): Double = Double.fromBits(source.readLong())
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/JsonMetaFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/JsonMetaFormat.kt
index f3d9e02a..effc3b12 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/JsonMetaFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/JsonMetaFormat.kt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-@file:Suppress("UNUSED_PARAMETER")
-
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.readString
+import kotlinx.io.writeString
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonElement
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.toMeta
  */
 public class JsonMetaFormat(private val json: Json = DEFAULT_JSON) : MetaFormat {
 
-    override fun writeMeta(output: Output, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?) {
+    override fun writeMeta(sink: Sink, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?) {
         val jsonElement = meta.toJson(descriptor)
-        output.writeUtf8String(json.encodeToString(JsonElement.serializer(), jsonElement))
+        sink.writeString(json.encodeToString(JsonElement.serializer(), jsonElement))
     }
 
-    override fun readMeta(input: Input, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta {
-        val str = input.readUtf8String()//readByteArray().decodeToString()
+    override fun readMeta(source: Source, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta {
+        val str = source.readString()
         val jsonElement = json.parseToJsonElement(str)
         return jsonElement.toMeta(descriptor)
     }
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ public class JsonMetaFormat(private val json: Json = DEFAULT_JSON) : MetaFormat
 
         private val default = JsonMetaFormat()
 
-        override fun writeMeta(output: Output, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Unit =
-            default.run { writeMeta(output, meta, descriptor) }
+        override fun writeMeta(sink: Sink, meta: Meta, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Unit =
+            default.run { writeMeta(sink, meta, descriptor) }
 
-        override fun readMeta(input: Input, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta =
-            default.run { readMeta(input, descriptor) }
+        override fun readMeta(source: Source, descriptor: MetaDescriptor?): Meta =
+            default.run { readMeta(source, descriptor) }
     }
 }
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MetaFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MetaFormat.kt
index c902c2e6..25eb8f2f 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MetaFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MetaFormat.kt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.ByteReadPacket
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.use
+
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.buffered
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.io.MetaFormatFactory.Companion.META_FORMAT_TYPE
@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ public interface MetaFormat : IOFormat<Meta> {
 
     override val type: KType get() = typeOf<Meta>()
 
-    override fun writeObject(output: Output, obj: Meta) {
-        writeMeta(output, obj, null)
+    override fun writeObject(sink: Sink, obj: Meta) {
+        writeMeta(sink, obj, null)
     }
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): Meta = readMeta(input)
+    override fun readObject(source: Source): Meta = readMeta(source)
 
     public fun writeMeta(
-        output: Output,
+        sink: Sink,
         meta: Meta,
         descriptor: MetaDescriptor? = null,
     )
 
-    public fun readMeta(input: Input, descriptor: MetaDescriptor? = null): Meta
+    public fun readMeta(source: Source, descriptor: MetaDescriptor? = null): Meta
 }
 
 @Type(META_FORMAT_TYPE)
@@ -63,9 +63,7 @@ public fun Meta.toString(format: MetaFormat): String = ByteArray {
 
 public fun Meta.toString(formatFactory: MetaFormatFactory): String = toString(formatFactory.build(Global, Meta.EMPTY))
 
-public fun MetaFormat.parse(str: String): Meta {
-    return ByteReadPacket(str.encodeToByteArray()).use { readObject(it) }
-}
+public fun MetaFormat.parse(str: String): Meta = readObject(StringSource(str).buffered())
 
 public fun MetaFormatFactory.parse(str: String, formatMeta: Meta): Meta = build(Global, formatMeta).parse(str)
 
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaggedEnvelopeFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaggedEnvelopeFormat.kt
index a320837d..763c90b1 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaggedEnvelopeFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaggedEnvelopeFormat.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.*
+import kotlinx.io.*
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.decodeToString
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.Meta
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ import space.kscience.dataforge.names.plus
 public class TaggedEnvelopeFormat(
     public val io: IOPlugin,
     public val version: VERSION = VERSION.DF02,
-    public val metaFormatFactory: MetaFormatFactory = JsonMetaFormat
+    public val metaFormatFactory: MetaFormatFactory = JsonMetaFormat,
 ) : EnvelopeFormat {
 
 //    private val metaFormat = io.metaFormat(metaFormatKey)
@@ -26,59 +27,60 @@ public class TaggedEnvelopeFormat(
 
 
     private fun Tag.toBinary() = Binary {
-        writeRawString(START_SEQUENCE)
-        writeRawString(version.name)
+        write(START_SEQUENCE)
+        writeString(version.name)
         writeShort(metaFormatKey)
         writeUInt(metaSize)
         when (version) {
             VERSION.DF02 -> {
                 writeUInt(dataSize.toUInt())
             }
+
             VERSION.DF03 -> {
                 writeULong(dataSize)
             }
         }
-        writeRawString(END_SEQUENCE)
+        write(END_SEQUENCE)
     }
 
     override fun writeObject(
-        output: Output,
+        sink: Sink,
         obj: Envelope,
     ) {
         val metaFormat = metaFormatFactory.build(io.context, Meta.EMPTY)
-        val metaBytes = Binary(obj.meta,metaFormat)
+        val metaBytes = Binary(obj.meta, metaFormat)
         val actualSize: ULong = (obj.data?.size ?: 0).toULong()
         val tag = Tag(metaFormatFactory.key, metaBytes.size.toUInt() + 2u, actualSize)
-        output.writeBinary(tag.toBinary())
-        output.writeBinary(metaBytes)
-        output.writeRawString("\r\n")
+        sink.writeBinary(tag.toBinary())
+        sink.writeBinary(metaBytes)
+        sink.writeString("\r\n")
         obj.data?.let {
-            output.writeBinary(it)
+            sink.writeBinary(it)
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Read an envelope from input into memory
      *
-     * @param input an input to read from
+     * @param source an input to read from
      * @param formats a collection of meta formats to resolve
      */
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): Envelope {
-        val tag = input.readTag(this.version)
+    override fun readObject(source: Source): Envelope {
+        val tag = source.readTag(this.version)
 
         val metaFormat = io.resolveMetaFormat(tag.metaFormatKey)
             ?: error("Meta format with key ${tag.metaFormatKey} not found")
 
-        val metaBinary = input.readBinary(tag.metaSize.toInt())
+        val metaBinary = source.readBinary(tag.metaSize.toInt())
 
         val meta: Meta = metaFormat.readObjectFrom(metaBinary)
 
-        val data = input.readBinary(tag.dataSize.toInt())
+        val data = source.readBinary(tag.dataSize.toInt())
 
         return SimpleEnvelope(meta, data)
     }
 
-    override fun readObject(binary: Binary): Envelope = binary.read{
+    override fun readObject(binary: Binary): Envelope = binary.read {
         val tag = readTag(version)
 
         val metaFormat = io.resolveMetaFormat(tag.metaFormatKey)
@@ -104,8 +106,8 @@ public class TaggedEnvelopeFormat(
     }
 
     public companion object : EnvelopeFormatFactory {
-        private const val START_SEQUENCE = "#~"
-        private const val END_SEQUENCE = "~#\r\n"
+        private val START_SEQUENCE = "#~".toAsciiByteString()
+        private val END_SEQUENCE = "~#\r\n".toAsciiByteString()
 
         override val name: Name = EnvelopeFormatFactory.ENVELOPE_FACTORY_NAME + "tagged"
 
@@ -121,35 +123,33 @@ public class TaggedEnvelopeFormat(
             return TaggedEnvelopeFormat(io, version)
         }
 
-        private fun Input.readTag(version: VERSION): Tag {
-            val start = readRawString(2)
+        private fun Source.readTag(version: VERSION): Tag {
+            val start = readByteString(2)
             if (start != START_SEQUENCE) error("The input is not an envelope")
-            val versionString = readRawString(4)
-            if (version.name != versionString) error("Wrong version of DataForge: expected $version but found $versionString")
+            val versionString = readByteString(4)
+            if (version.name.toAsciiByteString() != versionString) error("Wrong version of DataForge: expected $version but found $versionString")
             val metaFormatKey = readShort()
             val metaLength = readUInt()
             val dataLength: ULong = when (version) {
                 VERSION.DF02 -> readUInt().toULong()
                 VERSION.DF03 -> readULong()
             }
-            val end = readRawString(4)
+            val end = readByteString(4)
             if (end != END_SEQUENCE) error("The input is not an envelope")
             return Tag(metaFormatKey, metaLength, dataLength)
         }
 
-        override fun peekFormat(io: IOPlugin, binary: Binary): EnvelopeFormat? {
-            return try {
-                binary.read {
-                    val header = readRawString(6)
-                    return@read when (header.substring(2..5)) {
-                        VERSION.DF02.name -> TaggedEnvelopeFormat(io, VERSION.DF02)
-                        VERSION.DF03.name -> TaggedEnvelopeFormat(io, VERSION.DF03)
-                        else -> null
-                    }
+        override fun peekFormat(io: IOPlugin, binary: Binary): EnvelopeFormat? = try {
+            binary.read {
+                val header = readByteString(6)
+                when (header.substring(2, 6).decodeToString()) {
+                    VERSION.DF02.name -> TaggedEnvelopeFormat(io, VERSION.DF02)
+                    VERSION.DF03.name -> TaggedEnvelopeFormat(io, VERSION.DF03)
+                    else -> null
                 }
-            } catch (ex: Exception) {
-                null
             }
+        } catch (ex: Exception) {
+            null
         }
 
         private val default by lazy { build(Global, Meta.EMPTY) }
@@ -158,16 +158,13 @@ public class TaggedEnvelopeFormat(
             default.run { readObject(binary) }
 
         override fun writeObject(
-            output: Output,
+            sink: Sink,
             obj: Envelope,
         ): Unit = default.run {
-            writeObject(
-                output,
-                obj,
-            )
+            writeObject(sink, obj)
         }
 
-        override fun readObject(input: Input): Envelope = default.readObject(input)
+        override fun readObject(source: Source): Envelope = default.readObject(source)
     }
 
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaglessEnvelopeFormat.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaglessEnvelopeFormat.kt
index e6dc054f..2d49a3c0 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaglessEnvelopeFormat.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/TaglessEnvelopeFormat.kt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.ByteReadPacket
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.readUTF8UntilDelimiterTo
+
+import kotlinx.io.*
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.ByteString
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.encodeToByteString
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.Meta
@@ -29,34 +29,35 @@ public class TaglessEnvelopeFormat(
 //    }
 
     override fun writeObject(
-        output: Output,
+        sink: Sink,
         obj: Envelope,
     ) {
         val metaFormat = metaFormatFactory.build(this.io.context, meta)
 
         //printing header
-        output.writeRawString(TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER + "\r\n")
+        sink.write(TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER)
+        sink.writeString("\r\n")
 
         //Printing meta
         if (!obj.meta.isEmpty()) {
             val metaBinary = Binary(obj.meta, metaFormat)
-            output.writeUtf8String(META_START + "-${metaFormatFactory.shortName}\r\n")
-            output.writeBinary(metaBinary)
-            output.writeRawString("\r\n")
+            sink.writeString(META_START + "-${metaFormatFactory.shortName}\r\n")
+            sink.writeBinary(metaBinary)
+            sink.writeString("\r\n")
         }
 
         //Printing data
         obj.data?.let { data ->
             //val actualSize: Int = envelope.data?.size ?: 0
-            output.writeUtf8String(DATA_START + "\r\n")
-            output.writeBinary(data)
+            sink.writeString(DATA_START + "\r\n")
+            sink.writeBinary(data)
         }
     }
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): Envelope {
+    override fun readObject(source: Source): Envelope {
         //read preamble
-        input.discardWithSeparator(
-            TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER.encodeToByteArray(),
+        source.discardWithSeparator(
+            TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER,
             atMost = 1024,
         )
 
@@ -64,22 +65,22 @@ public class TaglessEnvelopeFormat(
 
         var data: Binary? = null
 
-        input.discardWithSeparator(
+        source.discardWithSeparator(
             SEPARATOR_PREFIX,
             atMost = 1024,
         )
 
         var header: String = ByteArray {
-            input.readUTF8UntilDelimiterTo(this, "\n")
+            source.readWithSeparatorTo(this, "\n".encodeToByteString())
         }.decodeToString()
 
-        while (!input.endOfInput) {
+        while (!source.exhausted()) {
             val block = ByteArray {
-                input.readWithSeparatorTo(this, SEPARATOR_PREFIX)
+                source.readWithSeparatorTo(this, SEPARATOR_PREFIX)
             }
 
             val nextHeader = ByteArray {
-                input.readWithSeparatorTo(this, "\n".encodeToByteArray())
+                source.readWithSeparatorTo(this, "\n".encodeToByteString())
             }.decodeToString()
 
             //terminate on end
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ public class TaglessEnvelopeFormat(
             if (header.startsWith("META")) {
                 //TODO check format
                 val metaFormat: MetaFormatFactory = JsonMetaFormat
-                meta = metaFormat.readMeta(ByteReadPacket(block))
+                meta = metaFormat.readMeta(ByteArraySource(block).buffered())
             }
 
             if (header.startsWith("DATA")) {
@@ -111,9 +112,9 @@ public class TaglessEnvelopeFormat(
 
         public const val TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_TYPE: String = "tagless"
 
-        public val SEPARATOR_PREFIX: ByteArray = "\n#~".encodeToByteArray()
+        public val SEPARATOR_PREFIX: ByteString = "\n#~".encodeToByteString()
 
-        public const val TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER: String = "#~DFTL"
+        public val TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER: ByteString = "#~DFTL".encodeToByteString()
 
         //        public const val META_START_PROPERTY: String = "metaSeparator"
         public const val META_START: String = "#~META"
@@ -134,21 +135,18 @@ public class TaglessEnvelopeFormat(
         override fun readObject(binary: Binary): Envelope = default.run { readObject(binary) }
 
         override fun writeObject(
-            output: Output,
+            sink: Sink,
             obj: Envelope,
         ): Unit = default.run {
-            writeObject(
-                output,
-                obj,
-            )
+            writeObject(sink, obj)
         }
 
-        override fun readObject(input: Input): Envelope = default.readObject(input)
+        override fun readObject(source: Source): Envelope = default.readObject(source)
 
         override fun peekFormat(io: IOPlugin, binary: Binary): EnvelopeFormat? {
             return try {
                 binary.read {
-                    val string = readRawString(TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER.length)
+                    val string = readByteString(TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER.size)
                     return@read if (string == TAGLESS_ENVELOPE_HEADER) {
                         TaglessEnvelopeFormat(io)
                     } else {
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioMisc.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioMisc.kt
index ad03ba6e..ff7f985d 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioMisc.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioMisc.kt
@@ -1,40 +1,41 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.bits.Memory
-import io.ktor.utils.io.charsets.Charsets
-import io.ktor.utils.io.charsets.decodeExactBytes
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.*
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.internal.ChunkBuffer
+import kotlinx.io.*
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.ByteString
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.decodeToString
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.encodeToByteString
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.Meta
 import space.kscience.dataforge.misc.DFExperimental
+import kotlin.math.min
 
-public fun Output.writeRawString(str: String) {
-    writeFully(str.toByteArray(Charsets.ISO_8859_1))
+/**
+ * Convert a string literal, containing only ASCII characters to a [ByteString].
+ * Throws an error if there are non-ASCII characters.
+ */
+public fun String.toAsciiByteString(): ByteString {
+    val bytes = ByteArray(length) {
+        val char = get(it)
+        val code = char.code
+        if (code > Byte.MAX_VALUE) error("Symbol $char is not ASCII symbol") else code.toByte()
+    }
+    return ByteString(bytes)
 }
 
-public fun Output.writeUtf8String(str: String) {
-    writeFully(str.encodeToByteArray())
-}
+public inline fun Buffer(block: Sink.() -> Unit): Buffer = Buffer().apply(block)
 
-public fun Input.readRawString(size: Int): String {
-    return Charsets.ISO_8859_1.newDecoder().decodeExactBytes(this, size)
-}
+//public fun Source.readSafeUtf8Line(): String = readUTF8Line() ?: error("Line not found")
 
-public fun Input.readUtf8String(): String = readBytes().decodeToString()
+public inline fun ByteArray(block: Sink.() -> Unit): ByteArray =
+    Buffer(block).readByteArray()
 
-public fun Input.readSafeUtf8Line(): String = readUTF8Line() ?: error("Line not found")
-
-public inline fun ByteArray(block: Output.() -> Unit): ByteArray =
-    buildPacket(block).readBytes()
-
-public inline fun Binary(block: Output.() -> Unit): Binary =
+public inline fun Binary(block: Sink.() -> Unit): Binary =
     ByteArray(block).asBinary()
 
 public operator fun Binary.get(range: IntRange): Binary = view(range.first, range.last - range.first)
 
 /**
  * Return inferred [EnvelopeFormat] if only one format could read given file. If no format accepts the binary, return null. If
- * multiple formats accepts binary, throw an error.
+ * multiple formats accept binary, throw an error.
  */
 public fun IOPlugin.peekBinaryEnvelopeFormat(binary: Binary): EnvelopeFormat? {
     val formats = envelopeFormatFactories.mapNotNull { factory ->
@@ -96,74 +97,139 @@ private class RingByteArray(
         else -> inputArray.indices.all { inputArray[it] == get(it) }
     }
 
+    fun contentEquals(byteString: ByteString): Boolean = when {
+        byteString.size != buffer.size -> false
+        size < buffer.size -> false
+        else -> (0 until byteString.size).all { byteString[it] == get(it) }
+    }
+
 }
 
 private fun RingByteArray.toArray(): ByteArray = ByteArray(size) { get(it) }
 
 /**
- * Read [Input] into [output] until designated multibyte [separator] and optionally continues until
+ * Read [Source] into [output] until designated multibyte [separator] and optionally continues until
  * the end of the line after it. Throw error if [separator] not found and [atMost] bytes are read.
  * Also fails if [separator] not found until the end of input.
  *
- * Separator itself is not read into Output.
+ * The Separator itself is not read into [Sink].
  *
  * @param errorOnEof if true error is thrown if separator is never encountered
  *
  * @return bytes actually being read, including separator
  */
-public fun Input.readWithSeparatorTo(
-    output: Output,
-    separator: ByteArray,
+public fun Source.readWithSeparatorTo(
+    output: Sink?,
+    separator: ByteString,
     atMost: Int = Int.MAX_VALUE,
     errorOnEof: Boolean = false,
 ): Int {
     var counter = 0
     val rb = RingByteArray(ByteArray(separator.size))
-    takeWhile { buffer ->
-        while (buffer.canRead()) {
-            val byte = buffer.readByte()
-            counter++
-            if (counter >= atMost) error("Maximum number of bytes to be read $atMost reached.")
-            rb.push(byte)
-            if (rb.contentEquals(separator)) {
-                return counter
-            } else if (rb.isFull()) {
-                output.writeByte(rb[0])
-            }
+
+    while (!exhausted()) {
+        val byte = readByte()
+        counter++
+        if (counter >= atMost) error("Maximum number of bytes to be read $atMost reached.")
+        rb.push(byte)
+        if (rb.contentEquals(separator)) {
+            return counter
+        } else if (rb.isFull()) {
+            output?.writeByte(rb[0])
         }
-        !endOfInput
     }
+
     if (errorOnEof) {
         error("Read to the end of input without encountering ${separator.decodeToString()}")
     } else {
-        for(i in 1 until rb.size){
-            output.writeByte(rb[i])
+        for (i in 1 until rb.size) {
+            output?.writeByte(rb[i])
         }
         counter += (rb.size - 1)
         return counter
     }
 }
 
-public fun Input.discardLine(): Int {
-    return discardUntilDelimiter('\n'.code.toByte()).also {
-        discard(1)
-    }.toInt() + 1
-}
-
-public fun Input.discardWithSeparator(
-    separator: ByteArray,
+/**
+ * Discard all bytes until [separator] is encountered. Separator is discarded sa well.
+ * Return the total number of bytes read.
+ */
+public fun Source.discardWithSeparator(
+    separator: ByteString,
     atMost: Int = Int.MAX_VALUE,
     errorOnEof: Boolean = false,
-): Int {
-    val dummy: Output = object : Output(ChunkBuffer.Pool) {
-        override fun closeDestination() {
-            // Do nothing
-        }
+): Int = readWithSeparatorTo(null, separator, atMost, errorOnEof)
 
-        override fun flush(source: Memory, offset: Int, length: Int) {
-            // Do nothing
-        }
+/**
+ * Discard all symbol until newline is discovered. Carriage return is not discarded.
+ */
+public fun Source.discardLine(
+    atMost: Int = Int.MAX_VALUE,
+    errorOnEof: Boolean = false,
+): Int = discardWithSeparator("\n".encodeToByteString(), atMost, errorOnEof)
+
+
+/**
+ * A [Source] based on [ByteArray]
+ */
+public class ByteArraySource(
+    private val byteArray: ByteArray,
+    private val offset: Int = 0,
+    private val size: Int = byteArray.size - offset,
+) : RawSource {
+
+    init {
+        require(offset >= 0) { "Offset must be positive" }
+        require(offset + size <= byteArray.size) { "End index is ${offset + size}, but the array size is ${byteArray.size}" }
     }
 
-    return readWithSeparatorTo(dummy, separator, atMost, errorOnEof)
+    private var pointer = offset
+
+    override fun close() {
+        // Do nothing
+    }
+
+    override fun readAtMostTo(sink: Buffer, byteCount: Long): Long {
+        if (pointer == offset + size) return -1
+        val byteRead = min(byteCount.toInt(), (size + offset - pointer))
+        sink.write(byteArray, pointer, pointer + byteRead)
+        pointer += byteRead
+        return byteRead.toLong()
+    }
 }
+
+/**
+ * A [Source] based on [String]
+ */
+public class StringSource(
+    public val string: String,
+    public val offset: Int = 0,
+    public val size: Int = string.length - offset,
+) : RawSource {
+
+    private var pointer = offset
+
+    override fun close() {
+        // Do nothing
+    }
+
+    override fun readAtMostTo(sink: Buffer, byteCount: Long): Long {
+        if (pointer == offset + size) return -1
+        val byteRead = min(byteCount.toInt(), (size + offset - pointer))
+        sink.writeString(string, pointer, pointer + byteRead)
+        pointer += byteRead
+        return byteRead.toLong()
+    }
+}
+
+public fun Sink.writeDouble(value: Double) {
+    writeLong(value.toBits())
+}
+
+public fun Source.readDouble(): Double = Double.fromBits(readLong())
+
+public fun Sink.writeFloat(value: Float) {
+    writeInt(value.toBits())
+}
+
+public fun Source.readFloat(): Float = Float.fromBits(readInt())
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/BinaryTest.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/BinaryTest.kt
index 530b1a4c..250b8426 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/BinaryTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/BinaryTest.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.readInt
 import kotlin.test.Test
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormatTest.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormatTest.kt
index 999f3175..3200e24b 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormatTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/EnvelopeFormatTest.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.readBytes
+import kotlinx.io.readByteArray
+import kotlinx.io.writeString
 import kotlin.test.Test
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ class EnvelopeFormatTest {
             "d" put 22.2
         }
         data {
-            writeUtf8String("12345678")
+            writeString("12345678")
         }
     }
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ class EnvelopeFormatTest {
         val res = readFromByteArray(byteArray)
         assertEquals(envelope.meta, res.meta)
         val bytes = res.data?.read {
-            readBytes()
+            readByteArray()
         }
         assertEquals("12345678", bytes?.decodeToString())
     }
@@ -34,13 +35,13 @@ class EnvelopeFormatTest {
         val res = readFromByteArray(byteArray)
         assertEquals(envelope.meta, res.meta)
         val bytes = res.data?.read {
-            readBytes()
+            readByteArray()
         }
-        assertEquals("12345678",  bytes?.decodeToString())
+        assertEquals("12345678", bytes?.decodeToString())
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testManualDftl(){
+    fun testManualDftl() {
         val envelopeString = """
             #~DFTL
             #~META
@@ -56,8 +57,8 @@ class EnvelopeFormatTest {
         val res = TaglessEnvelopeFormat.readFromByteArray(envelopeString.encodeToByteArray())
         assertEquals(envelope.meta, res.meta)
         val bytes = res.data?.read {
-            readBytes()
+            readByteArray()
         }
-        assertEquals("12345678",  bytes?.decodeToString())
+        assertEquals("12345678", bytes?.decodeToString())
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOTest.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOTest.kt
index f02066da..683df330 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/IOTest.kt
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.ByteReadPacket
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.readBytes
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.readUTF8Line
+import kotlinx.io.buffered
+import kotlinx.io.bytestring.encodeToByteString
+import kotlinx.io.readByteArray
+import kotlinx.io.readLine
 import kotlin.test.Test
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 import kotlin.test.assertFails
@@ -11,9 +12,9 @@ class IOTest {
     @Test
     fun readBytes() {
         val bytes = ByteArray(8) { it.toByte() }
-        val input = ByteReadPacket(bytes)
-        @Suppress("UNUSED_VARIABLE") val first = input.readBytes(4)
-        val second = input.readBytes(4)
+        val input = ByteArraySource(bytes).buffered()
+        @Suppress("UNUSED_VARIABLE") val first = input.readByteArray(4)
+        val second = input.readByteArray(4)
         assertEquals(4.toByte(), second[0])
     }
 
@@ -31,25 +32,25 @@ class IOTest {
 
         binary.read {
             val array = ByteArray {
-                val read = readWithSeparatorTo(this, "---".encodeToByteArray()) + discardLine()
+                val read = readWithSeparatorTo(this, "---".encodeToByteString()) + discardLine()
                 assertEquals(12, read)
             }
             assertEquals("""
                 aaa
                 bbb
             """.trimIndent(),array.decodeToString().trim())
-            assertEquals("ccc", readUTF8Line()?.trim())
+            assertEquals("ccc", readLine()?.trim())
         }
 
         assertFails {
             binary.read {
-                discardWithSeparator("---".encodeToByteArray(), atMost = 3 )
+                discardWithSeparator("---".encodeToByteString(), atMost = 3 )
             }
         }
 
         assertFails {
             binary.read{
-                discardWithSeparator("-+-".encodeToByteArray(), errorOnEof = true)
+                discardWithSeparator("-+-".encodeToByteString(), errorOnEof = true)
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MultipartTest.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MultipartTest.kt
index 2412b969..6ad5d8e3 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MultipartTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/MultipartTest.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
+import kotlinx.io.writeString
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.get
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.int
@@ -18,9 +19,9 @@ class MultipartTest {
                 "value" put it
             }
             data {
-                writeUtf8String("Hello World $it")
+                writeString("Hello World $it")
                 repeat(300) {
-                    writeRawString("$it ")
+                    writeString("$it ")
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioTestUtils.kt b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioTestUtils.kt
index 8eeb526b..4754f682 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioTestUtils.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/commonTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/ioTestUtils.kt
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.ByteReadPacket
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.use
+import kotlinx.io.buffered
 
 
 fun <T : Any> IOFormat<T>.writeToByteArray(obj: T): ByteArray = ByteArray {
     writeObject(this, obj)
 }
-fun <T : Any> IOFormat<T>.readFromByteArray(array: ByteArray): T = ByteReadPacket(array).use {
+fun <T : Any> IOFormat<T>.readFromByteArray(array: ByteArray): T = ByteArraySource(array).buffered().use {
     readObject(it)
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/fileIO.kt b/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/fileIO.kt
index cf88d3ae..3cc81b32 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/fileIO.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/fileIO.kt
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.*
-import io.ktor.utils.io.streams.asOutput
+
 import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.asSink
+import kotlinx.io.buffered
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.Meta
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.descriptors.MetaDescriptor
 import space.kscience.dataforge.meta.isEmpty
@@ -23,18 +26,18 @@ internal class PathBinary(
     override val size: Int = Files.size(path).toInt() - fileOffset,
 ) : Binary {
 
-    override fun <R> read(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: Input.() -> R): R = runBlocking {
+    override fun <R> read(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: Source.() -> R): R = runBlocking {
         readSuspend(offset, atMost, block)
     }
 
-    override suspend fun <R> readSuspend(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: suspend Input.() -> R): R {
+    override suspend fun <R> readSuspend(offset: Int, atMost: Int, block: suspend Source.() -> R): R {
         val actualOffset = offset + fileOffset
         val actualSize = min(atMost, size - offset)
         val array = path.inputStream().use {
             it.skip(actualOffset.toLong())
             it.readNBytes(actualSize)
         }
-        return ByteReadPacket(array).block()
+        return ByteArraySource(array).buffered().use { it.block() }
     }
 
     override fun view(offset: Int, binarySize: Int) = PathBinary(path, fileOffset + offset, binarySize)
@@ -42,36 +45,36 @@ internal class PathBinary(
 
 public fun Path.asBinary(): Binary = PathBinary(this)
 
-public fun <R> Path.read(block: Input.() -> R): R = asBinary().read(block = block)
+public fun <R> Path.read(block: Source.() -> R): R = asBinary().read(block = block)
 
 /**
  * Write a live output to a newly created file. If file does not exist, throws error
  */
-public fun Path.write(block: Output.() -> Unit): Unit {
+public fun Path.write(block: Sink.() -> Unit): Unit {
     val stream = Files.newOutputStream(this, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW)
-    stream.asOutput().use(block)
+    stream.asSink().buffered().use(block)
 }
 
 /**
  * Create a new file or append to exiting one with given output [block]
  */
-public fun Path.append(block: Output.() -> Unit): Unit {
+public fun Path.append(block: Sink.() -> Unit): Unit {
     val stream = Files.newOutputStream(
         this,
         StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.APPEND, StandardOpenOption.CREATE
     )
-    stream.asOutput().use(block)
+    stream.asSink().buffered().use(block)
 }
 
 /**
  * Create a new file or replace existing one using given output [block]
  */
-public fun Path.rewrite(block: Output.() -> Unit): Unit {
+public fun Path.rewrite(block: Sink.() -> Unit): Unit {
     val stream = Files.newOutputStream(
         this,
         StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING, StandardOpenOption.CREATE
     )
-    stream.asOutput().use(block)
+    stream.asSink().buffered().use(block)
 }
 
 @DFExperimental
@@ -260,7 +263,7 @@ public fun IOPlugin.writeEnvelopeDirectory(
     val dataFile = path.resolve(IOPlugin.DATA_FILE_NAME)
     dataFile.write {
         envelope.data?.read {
-            val copied = copyTo(this@write)
+            val copied = transferTo(this@write)
             if (copied != envelope.data?.size?.toLong()) {
                 error("The number of copied bytes does not equal data size")
             }
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/resourceIO.kt b/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/resourceIO.kt
index f1997d21..2e12c3e1 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/resourceIO.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/resourceIO.kt
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.streams.asInput
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.asSource
+import kotlinx.io.buffered
 
-public fun IOPlugin.resource(name: String): Binary? = context.javaClass.getResource(name)?.readBytes()?.asBinary()
 
-public inline fun <R> IOPlugin.readResource(name: String, block: Input.() -> R): R =
-    context.javaClass.getResource(name)?.openStream()?.asInput()?.block() ?: error("Can't read resource $name")
\ No newline at end of file
+public fun IOPlugin.resource(name: String): Binary? = { }.javaClass.getResource(name)?.readBytes()?.asBinary()
+
+public inline fun <R> IOPlugin.readResource(name: String, block: Source.() -> R): R =
+    {  }.javaClass.getResource(name)?.openStream()?.asSource()?.buffered()?.block() ?: error("Can't read resource $name")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileBinaryTest.kt b/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileBinaryTest.kt
index d03c1c1c..c50eee37 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileBinaryTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileBinaryTest.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.writeDouble
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.misc.DFExperimental
 import java.nio.file.Files
diff --git a/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileEnvelopeTest.kt b/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileEnvelopeTest.kt
index ee5ea41f..d9e6d000 100644
--- a/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileEnvelopeTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-io/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/io/FileEnvelopeTest.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.io
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.writeDouble
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.misc.DFExperimental
 import java.nio.file.Files
diff --git a/dataforge-workspace/build.gradle.kts b/dataforge-workspace/build.gradle.kts
index 28a633c8..9f10df98 100644
--- a/dataforge-workspace/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/dataforge-workspace/build.gradle.kts
@@ -10,17 +10,35 @@ kscience{
     useSerialization{
         protobuf()
     }
-    dependencies {
-        api(projects.dataforgeContext)
-        api(projects.dataforgeData)
-        api(projects.dataforgeIo)
-    }
-    dependencies(jvmTest){
-        implementation(spclibs.logback.classic)
-        implementation(projects.dataforgeIo.dataforgeIoYaml)
-    }
+//    dependencies {
+//        api(projects.dataforgeContext)
+//        api(projects.dataforgeData)
+//        api(projects.dataforgeIo)
+//    }
+//    dependencies(jvmTest){
+//        implementation(spclibs.logback.classic)
+//        implementation(projects.dataforgeIo.dataforgeIoYaml)
+//    }
 }
 
 readme{
     maturity = space.kscience.gradle.Maturity.EXPERIMENTAL
+}
+
+kotlin{
+    sourceSets{
+        commonMain{
+            dependencies {
+                api(projects.dataforgeContext)
+                api(projects.dataforgeData)
+                api(projects.dataforgeIo)
+            }
+        }
+        getByName("jvmTest"){
+            dependencies {
+                implementation(spclibs.logback.classic)
+                implementation(projects.dataforgeIo.dataforgeIoYaml)
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileWorkspaceCache.kt b/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileWorkspaceCache.kt
index fdcb49a6..a637ad97 100644
--- a/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileWorkspaceCache.kt
+++ b/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileWorkspaceCache.kt
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.workspace
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.readBytes
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.writeFully
+import kotlinx.io.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.ExperimentalSerializationApi
 import kotlinx.serialization.KSerializer
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
@@ -30,10 +27,10 @@ public class JsonIOFormat<T : Any>(override val type: KType) : IOFormat<T> {
     @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
     private val serializer: KSerializer<T> = serializer(type) as KSerializer<T>
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): T = Json.decodeFromString(serializer, input.readUtf8String())
+    override fun readObject(input: Source): T = Json.decodeFromString(serializer, input.readString())
 
-    override fun writeObject(output: Output, obj: T) {
-        output.writeUtf8String(Json.encodeToString(serializer, obj))
+    override fun writeObject(output: Sink, obj: T) {
+        output.writeString(Json.encodeToString(serializer, obj))
     }
 }
 
@@ -43,10 +40,10 @@ public class ProtobufIOFormat<T : Any>(override val type: KType) : IOFormat<T> {
     @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
     private val serializer: KSerializer<T> = serializer(type) as KSerializer<T>
 
-    override fun readObject(input: Input): T = ProtoBuf.decodeFromByteArray(serializer, input.readBytes())
+    override fun readObject(input: Source): T = ProtoBuf.decodeFromByteArray(serializer, input.readByteArray())
 
-    override fun writeObject(output: Output, obj: T) {
-        output.writeFully(ProtoBuf.encodeToByteArray(serializer, obj))
+    override fun writeObject(output: Sink, obj: T) {
+        output.write(ProtoBuf.encodeToByteArray(serializer, obj))
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/zipData.kt b/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/zipData.kt
index 706a2d0b..d23753a2 100644
--- a/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/zipData.kt
+++ b/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmMain/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/zipData.kt
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.workspace
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.streams.asOutput
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import space.kscience.dataforge.data.DataTree
 import space.kscience.dataforge.data.DataTreeItem
-import space.kscience.dataforge.io.EnvelopeFormat
-import space.kscience.dataforge.io.IOFormat
-import space.kscience.dataforge.io.TaggedEnvelopeFormat
+import space.kscience.dataforge.io.*
 import space.kscience.dataforge.misc.DFExperimental
 import java.nio.file.Files
 import java.nio.file.Path
@@ -28,11 +25,15 @@ private suspend fun <T : Any> ZipOutputStream.writeNode(
             val envelope = treeItem.data.toEnvelope(dataFormat)
             val entry = ZipEntry(name)
             putNextEntry(entry)
-            asOutput().run {
-                envelopeFormat.writeObject(this, envelope)
-                flush()
+
+            //TODO remove additional copy
+            val bytes = ByteArray {
+                writeObject(envelopeFormat, envelope)
             }
+            write(bytes)
+
         }
+
         is DataTreeItem.Node -> {
             val entry = ZipEntry("$name/")
             putNextEntry(entry)
diff --git a/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileDataTest.kt b/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileDataTest.kt
index 6ec31e0c..313ea82e 100644
--- a/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileDataTest.kt
+++ b/dataforge-workspace/src/jvmTest/kotlin/space/kscience/dataforge/workspace/FileDataTest.kt
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 package space.kscience.dataforge.workspace
 
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Input
-import io.ktor.utils.io.core.Output
 import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import kotlinx.io.Sink
+import kotlinx.io.Source
+import kotlinx.io.readString
+import kotlinx.io.writeString
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Context
 import space.kscience.dataforge.context.Global
 import space.kscience.dataforge.data.*
@@ -36,11 +39,11 @@ class FileDataTest {
     object StringIOFormat : IOFormat<String> {
         override val type: KType get() = typeOf<String>()
 
-        override fun writeObject(output: Output, obj: String) {
-            output.writeUtf8String(obj)
+        override fun writeObject(output: Sink, obj: String) {
+            output.writeString(obj)
         }
 
-        override fun readObject(input: Input): String = input.readUtf8String()
+        override fun readObject(input: Source): String = input.readString()
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -59,9 +62,9 @@ class FileDataTest {
 
     @Test
     @DFExperimental
-    fun testZipWriteRead() = with(Global.io) {
-        val zip = Files.createTempFile("df_data_node", ".zip")
-        runBlocking {
+    fun testZipWriteRead() = runTest {
+        with(Global.io) {
+            val zip = Files.createTempFile("df_data_node", ".zip")
             dataNode.writeZip(zip, StringIOFormat)
             println(zip.toUri().toString())
             val reconstructed = readDataDirectory(zip) { _, _ -> StringIOFormat }
diff --git a/gradle.properties b/gradle.properties
index 27743a30..d26973e8 100644
--- a/gradle.properties
+++ b/gradle.properties
@@ -6,4 +6,5 @@ kotlin.mpp.stability.nowarn=true
 kotlin.incremental.js.ir=true
 kotlin.native.ignoreDisabledTargets=true
 
-toolsVersion=0.14.9-kotlin-1.8.20
+toolsVersion=0.14.9-kotlin-1.9.0
+kotlin.experimental.tryK2=true
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties b/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
index 15de9024..84a0b92f 100644
--- a/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
+++ b/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.2-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.2.1-bin.zip
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists